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EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression
Without affecting cell viability, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), theaflavine-3,3′-digallate (TFDG), or theasinensin A (TSA) have been found to effectively reduce intracellular melanin content and tyrosinase (TYR) activity. However, studies on the anti-melanogenic mecha...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341940/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311017 |
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author | Wang, Wei Di, Taimei Wang, Weiwei Jiang, Heyuan |
author_facet | Wang, Wei Di, Taimei Wang, Weiwei Jiang, Heyuan |
author_sort | Wang, Wei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Without affecting cell viability, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), theaflavine-3,3′-digallate (TFDG), or theasinensin A (TSA) have been found to effectively reduce intracellular melanin content and tyrosinase (TYR) activity. However, studies on the anti-melanogenic mechanism of the above samples remain weak, and the activities of these samples in regulating melanogenesis at the molecular level lack comparison. Using B16F10 cells with the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulation and without the α-MSH stimulation as models, the effects of EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA on cell phenotypes and expression of key targets related to melanogenesis were studied. The results showed that α-MSH always promoted melanogenesis with or without adding the four samples. Meanwhile, the anti-melanogenic activities of the four samples were not affected by whether the α-MSH was added in the medium or not and the added time of the α-MSH. On this basis, the 100 µg/mL EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA did not affect the TYR catalytic activity but inhibited melanin formation partly through downregulating the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and the TYR family. The downregulation abilities of catechins on the TYR family and MITF expression were stronger than those of dimers at both the transcription and translation levels, while the ability of dimers to downregulate the MC1R expression was stronger than that of catechins at both the transcription and translation levels to some extent. The results of molecular docking showed that these four samples could stably bind to MC1R protein. Taken together, this study offered molecular mechanisms for the anti-melanogenic activity of the EGCG, GCG, TFDG, and TSA, as potential effective components against the UV-induced tanning reactions, and a key target (MC1R) was identified. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10341940 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103419402023-07-14 EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression Wang, Wei Di, Taimei Wang, Weiwei Jiang, Heyuan Int J Mol Sci Article Without affecting cell viability, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), theaflavine-3,3′-digallate (TFDG), or theasinensin A (TSA) have been found to effectively reduce intracellular melanin content and tyrosinase (TYR) activity. However, studies on the anti-melanogenic mechanism of the above samples remain weak, and the activities of these samples in regulating melanogenesis at the molecular level lack comparison. Using B16F10 cells with the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) stimulation and without the α-MSH stimulation as models, the effects of EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA on cell phenotypes and expression of key targets related to melanogenesis were studied. The results showed that α-MSH always promoted melanogenesis with or without adding the four samples. Meanwhile, the anti-melanogenic activities of the four samples were not affected by whether the α-MSH was added in the medium or not and the added time of the α-MSH. On this basis, the 100 µg/mL EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA did not affect the TYR catalytic activity but inhibited melanin formation partly through downregulating the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and the TYR family. The downregulation abilities of catechins on the TYR family and MITF expression were stronger than those of dimers at both the transcription and translation levels, while the ability of dimers to downregulate the MC1R expression was stronger than that of catechins at both the transcription and translation levels to some extent. The results of molecular docking showed that these four samples could stably bind to MC1R protein. Taken together, this study offered molecular mechanisms for the anti-melanogenic activity of the EGCG, GCG, TFDG, and TSA, as potential effective components against the UV-induced tanning reactions, and a key target (MC1R) was identified. MDPI 2023-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10341940/ /pubmed/37446194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311017 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Wei Di, Taimei Wang, Weiwei Jiang, Heyuan EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression |
title | EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression |
title_full | EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression |
title_fullStr | EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression |
title_full_unstemmed | EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression |
title_short | EGCG, GCG, TFDG, or TSA Inhibiting Melanin Synthesis by Downregulating MC1R Expression |
title_sort | egcg, gcg, tfdg, or tsa inhibiting melanin synthesis by downregulating mc1r expression |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10341940/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446194 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241311017 |
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