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Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens
Rice false smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens, is a worldwide rice fungal disease. However, the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity of the fungus U. virens remains unclear. To understand the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis of the fungus U. virens, we performed an inte...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10342015/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445981 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310805 |
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author | Fu, Rongtao Wang, Jian Chen, Cheng Liu, Yao Zhao, Liyu Lu, Daihua |
author_facet | Fu, Rongtao Wang, Jian Chen, Cheng Liu, Yao Zhao, Liyu Lu, Daihua |
author_sort | Fu, Rongtao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rice false smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens, is a worldwide rice fungal disease. However, the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity of the fungus U. virens remains unclear. To understand the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis of the fungus U. virens, we performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of strongly (S) and weakly (W) virulent strains both before and after the infection of panicles. A total of 7932 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using transcriptome analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis indicated that amino acid metabolism, autophagy-yeast, MAPK signaling pathway-yeast, and starch and sucrose metabolism were closely related to the pathogenicity of U. virens. Genes related to pathogenicity were significantly upregulated in the strongly virulent strain, and were ATG, MAPK, STE, TPS, and NTH genes. However, genes involved in the negative regulation of pathogenesis were significantly downregulated and contained TOR kinase, TORC1, and autophagy-related protein genes. Metabolome analysis identified 698 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), including 13 categories of organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid-like molecules, organoheterocyclic compounds. The significantly enriched pathways of DAMs mainly included amino acids and carbohydrates, and they accumulated after infection by the S strain. To understand the relevance of DEGs and DAMs in the pathogenicity of U. virens, transcriptomic and metabolomic data were integrated and analyzed. These results further confirmed that the pathogenesis of U. virens was regulated by DEGs and DAMs related to these four pathways, involving arginine and proline metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and starch and sugar metabolism. Therefore, we speculate that the pathogenicity of U. virens is closely related to the accumulation of amino acids and carbohydrates, and to the changes in the expression of related genes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10342015 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103420152023-07-14 Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens Fu, Rongtao Wang, Jian Chen, Cheng Liu, Yao Zhao, Liyu Lu, Daihua Int J Mol Sci Article Rice false smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens, is a worldwide rice fungal disease. However, the molecular mechanism of the pathogenicity of the fungus U. virens remains unclear. To understand the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis of the fungus U. virens, we performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of strongly (S) and weakly (W) virulent strains both before and after the infection of panicles. A total of 7932 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using transcriptome analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis indicated that amino acid metabolism, autophagy-yeast, MAPK signaling pathway-yeast, and starch and sucrose metabolism were closely related to the pathogenicity of U. virens. Genes related to pathogenicity were significantly upregulated in the strongly virulent strain, and were ATG, MAPK, STE, TPS, and NTH genes. However, genes involved in the negative regulation of pathogenesis were significantly downregulated and contained TOR kinase, TORC1, and autophagy-related protein genes. Metabolome analysis identified 698 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), including 13 categories of organic acids and derivatives, lipids and lipid-like molecules, organoheterocyclic compounds. The significantly enriched pathways of DAMs mainly included amino acids and carbohydrates, and they accumulated after infection by the S strain. To understand the relevance of DEGs and DAMs in the pathogenicity of U. virens, transcriptomic and metabolomic data were integrated and analyzed. These results further confirmed that the pathogenesis of U. virens was regulated by DEGs and DAMs related to these four pathways, involving arginine and proline metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, and starch and sugar metabolism. Therefore, we speculate that the pathogenicity of U. virens is closely related to the accumulation of amino acids and carbohydrates, and to the changes in the expression of related genes. MDPI 2023-06-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10342015/ /pubmed/37445981 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310805 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Fu, Rongtao Wang, Jian Chen, Cheng Liu, Yao Zhao, Liyu Lu, Daihua Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens |
title | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens |
title_full | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens |
title_fullStr | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens |
title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens |
title_short | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Provide Insights into the Pathogenic Mechanism of the Rice False Smut Pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens |
title_sort | transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism of the rice false smut pathogen ustilaginoidea virens |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10342015/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445981 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310805 |
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