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Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies

Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a common and debilitating consequence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that can occur over one year after the head impact event. Thus, better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and risk factors could facilitate early identification and management of...

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Autores principales: Mavroudis, Ioannis, Ciobica, Alin, Luca, Alina Costina, Balmus, Ioana-Miruna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10342432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445267
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134233
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author Mavroudis, Ioannis
Ciobica, Alin
Luca, Alina Costina
Balmus, Ioana-Miruna
author_facet Mavroudis, Ioannis
Ciobica, Alin
Luca, Alina Costina
Balmus, Ioana-Miruna
author_sort Mavroudis, Ioannis
collection PubMed
description Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a common and debilitating consequence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that can occur over one year after the head impact event. Thus, better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and risk factors could facilitate early identification and management of PTH. There are several factors that could influence the reporting of PTH prevalence, including the definition of concussion and PTH. The main risk factors for PTHs include a history of migraines or headaches, female gender, younger age, greater severity of the head injury, and co-occurring psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. PTH clinical profiles vary based on onset, duration, and severity: tension-type headache, migraine headaches, cervicogenic headache, occipital neuralgia, and new daily persistent headache. Pharmacological treatments often consist of analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, or antiepileptic medication. Cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, biofeedback, and physical therapy could also be used for PTH treatment. Our work highlighted the need for more rigorous studies to better describe the importance of identifying risk factors and patient-centered treatments and to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing treatment options. Clinicians should consider a multidisciplinary approach to managing PTH, including pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes.
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spelling pubmed-103424322023-07-14 Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies Mavroudis, Ioannis Ciobica, Alin Luca, Alina Costina Balmus, Ioana-Miruna J Clin Med Review Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is a common and debilitating consequence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that can occur over one year after the head impact event. Thus, better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and risk factors could facilitate early identification and management of PTH. There are several factors that could influence the reporting of PTH prevalence, including the definition of concussion and PTH. The main risk factors for PTHs include a history of migraines or headaches, female gender, younger age, greater severity of the head injury, and co-occurring psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. PTH clinical profiles vary based on onset, duration, and severity: tension-type headache, migraine headaches, cervicogenic headache, occipital neuralgia, and new daily persistent headache. Pharmacological treatments often consist of analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, or antiepileptic medication. Cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, biofeedback, and physical therapy could also be used for PTH treatment. Our work highlighted the need for more rigorous studies to better describe the importance of identifying risk factors and patient-centered treatments and to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing treatment options. Clinicians should consider a multidisciplinary approach to managing PTH, including pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes. MDPI 2023-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10342432/ /pubmed/37445267 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134233 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Mavroudis, Ioannis
Ciobica, Alin
Luca, Alina Costina
Balmus, Ioana-Miruna
Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies
title Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies
title_full Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies
title_fullStr Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies
title_short Post-Traumatic Headache: A Review of Prevalence, Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies
title_sort post-traumatic headache: a review of prevalence, clinical features, risk factors, and treatment strategies
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10342432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445267
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134233
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