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Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Growing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Peripheral markers of inflammation, including blood cell counts and their ratios, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), have been reported as an easily accessible and...

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Autores principales: Tondo, Giacomo, Aprile, Davide, De Marchi, Fabiola, Sarasso, Barbara, Serra, Paola, Borasio, Giordana, Rojo, Esther, Arenillas, Juan Francisco, Comi, Cristoforo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10342872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134298
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author Tondo, Giacomo
Aprile, Davide
De Marchi, Fabiola
Sarasso, Barbara
Serra, Paola
Borasio, Giordana
Rojo, Esther
Arenillas, Juan Francisco
Comi, Cristoforo
author_facet Tondo, Giacomo
Aprile, Davide
De Marchi, Fabiola
Sarasso, Barbara
Serra, Paola
Borasio, Giordana
Rojo, Esther
Arenillas, Juan Francisco
Comi, Cristoforo
author_sort Tondo, Giacomo
collection PubMed
description Growing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Peripheral markers of inflammation, including blood cell counts and their ratios, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), have been reported as an easily accessible and reliable proxy of central nervous system inflammation. However, the role of peripheral inflammation in dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) still needs to be clarified. In the current study, we aimed to assess the prognostic role of the NLR and other peripheral markers of inflammation in a sample of 130 amnestic MCI, followed up for two to five years. The Mini-Mental state examination (MMSE) score at baseline and follow-up visits was used to assess global cognitive status at each visit and the degree of cognitive decline over time. Baseline peripheral markers of inflammation included blood cell counts and ratios, specifically the NLR, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and the systemic immune inflammation index (SII). After classifying subjects into CONVERTERS and non-CONVERTERS (respectively, patients converting to dementia and subjects showing stability at the last available follow-up), we compared peripheral markers of inflammation among groups ed correlated them with cognitive measures, testing the ability of significant factors to predict conversion to dementia. In our cohort, CONVERTERS showed lower baseline MMSE scores (p-value = 0.004) than non-CONVERTERS. In addition, CONVERTERS had statistically elevated NLR (p-value = 0.005), PLR (p-value = 0.002), and SII levels (p-value = 0.015), besides a lower number of lymphocytes (p-value = 0.004) compared with non-CONVERTERS. In a logistic regression analysis, baseline MMSE scores and NLR predicted conversion to dementia. Tertiles analysis showed that MCI with the highest NLR values had a higher conversion risk. Our study supports the hypothesis that a dysregulation of peripheral inflammation involving both lymphocytes and neutrophils may play a role in the pathogenesis of dementia, even at the early stages of neurodegeneration, as in the MCI condition.
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spelling pubmed-103428722023-07-14 Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment Tondo, Giacomo Aprile, Davide De Marchi, Fabiola Sarasso, Barbara Serra, Paola Borasio, Giordana Rojo, Esther Arenillas, Juan Francisco Comi, Cristoforo J Clin Med Article Growing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Peripheral markers of inflammation, including blood cell counts and their ratios, such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), have been reported as an easily accessible and reliable proxy of central nervous system inflammation. However, the role of peripheral inflammation in dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) still needs to be clarified. In the current study, we aimed to assess the prognostic role of the NLR and other peripheral markers of inflammation in a sample of 130 amnestic MCI, followed up for two to five years. The Mini-Mental state examination (MMSE) score at baseline and follow-up visits was used to assess global cognitive status at each visit and the degree of cognitive decline over time. Baseline peripheral markers of inflammation included blood cell counts and ratios, specifically the NLR, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and the systemic immune inflammation index (SII). After classifying subjects into CONVERTERS and non-CONVERTERS (respectively, patients converting to dementia and subjects showing stability at the last available follow-up), we compared peripheral markers of inflammation among groups ed correlated them with cognitive measures, testing the ability of significant factors to predict conversion to dementia. In our cohort, CONVERTERS showed lower baseline MMSE scores (p-value = 0.004) than non-CONVERTERS. In addition, CONVERTERS had statistically elevated NLR (p-value = 0.005), PLR (p-value = 0.002), and SII levels (p-value = 0.015), besides a lower number of lymphocytes (p-value = 0.004) compared with non-CONVERTERS. In a logistic regression analysis, baseline MMSE scores and NLR predicted conversion to dementia. Tertiles analysis showed that MCI with the highest NLR values had a higher conversion risk. Our study supports the hypothesis that a dysregulation of peripheral inflammation involving both lymphocytes and neutrophils may play a role in the pathogenesis of dementia, even at the early stages of neurodegeneration, as in the MCI condition. MDPI 2023-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10342872/ /pubmed/37445333 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134298 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tondo, Giacomo
Aprile, Davide
De Marchi, Fabiola
Sarasso, Barbara
Serra, Paola
Borasio, Giordana
Rojo, Esther
Arenillas, Juan Francisco
Comi, Cristoforo
Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
title Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
title_full Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
title_fullStr Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
title_full_unstemmed Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
title_short Investigating the Prognostic Role of Peripheral Inflammatory Markers in Mild Cognitive Impairment
title_sort investigating the prognostic role of peripheral inflammatory markers in mild cognitive impairment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10342872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445333
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134298
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