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Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
Vaccination is the most effective method of combating COVID-19 infection, but people with a psychological fear of needles and side effects are hesitant to receive the current vaccination, and alternative delivery methods may help. Bacillus subtilis, a harmless intestinal commensal, has recently earn...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343243/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446658 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134996 |
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author | Chan, Ben Chung-Lap Li, Peiting Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung Zheng, Tao Hon, Sharon Sze-Man Lau, Ching-Po Cheng, Wen Chen, Fang Lau, Clara Bik-San Leung, Ping-Chung Wong, Chun-Kwok |
author_facet | Chan, Ben Chung-Lap Li, Peiting Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung Zheng, Tao Hon, Sharon Sze-Man Lau, Ching-Po Cheng, Wen Chen, Fang Lau, Clara Bik-San Leung, Ping-Chung Wong, Chun-Kwok |
author_sort | Chan, Ben Chung-Lap |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vaccination is the most effective method of combating COVID-19 infection, but people with a psychological fear of needles and side effects are hesitant to receive the current vaccination, and alternative delivery methods may help. Bacillus subtilis, a harmless intestinal commensal, has recently earned a strong reputation as a vaccine production host and delivery vector, with advantages such as low cost, safety for human consumption, and straightforward oral administration. In this study, we have succeeded generating “S spores” by engineering B. subtilis with spore coat proteins resembling the spike (S) protein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. With the addition of two immunostimulating natural products as adjuvants, namely Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge (AM) and Coriolus versicolor (CV), oral administration of S spores could elicit mild immune responses against COVID-19 infection without toxicity. Mucosal IgA against the S protein was enhanced by co-feeding with AM and CV in an S spores-inoculated mouse model. Faster and stronger IgG responses against the S protein were observed when the mice were fed with S spores prior to vaccination with the commercial COVID-19 vaccine CoronaVac. In vitro studies demonstrated that AM, CV, and B. subtilis spores could dose-dependently activate both macrophages and dendritic cells by secreting innate immunity-related IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and some other proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. In conclusion, the combination of S spores with AM and CV may be helpful in developing a vaccine-like supplement against respiratory infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10343243 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103432432023-07-14 Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products Chan, Ben Chung-Lap Li, Peiting Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung Zheng, Tao Hon, Sharon Sze-Man Lau, Ching-Po Cheng, Wen Chen, Fang Lau, Clara Bik-San Leung, Ping-Chung Wong, Chun-Kwok Molecules Article Vaccination is the most effective method of combating COVID-19 infection, but people with a psychological fear of needles and side effects are hesitant to receive the current vaccination, and alternative delivery methods may help. Bacillus subtilis, a harmless intestinal commensal, has recently earned a strong reputation as a vaccine production host and delivery vector, with advantages such as low cost, safety for human consumption, and straightforward oral administration. In this study, we have succeeded generating “S spores” by engineering B. subtilis with spore coat proteins resembling the spike (S) protein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. With the addition of two immunostimulating natural products as adjuvants, namely Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge (AM) and Coriolus versicolor (CV), oral administration of S spores could elicit mild immune responses against COVID-19 infection without toxicity. Mucosal IgA against the S protein was enhanced by co-feeding with AM and CV in an S spores-inoculated mouse model. Faster and stronger IgG responses against the S protein were observed when the mice were fed with S spores prior to vaccination with the commercial COVID-19 vaccine CoronaVac. In vitro studies demonstrated that AM, CV, and B. subtilis spores could dose-dependently activate both macrophages and dendritic cells by secreting innate immunity-related IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and some other proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. In conclusion, the combination of S spores with AM and CV may be helpful in developing a vaccine-like supplement against respiratory infection. MDPI 2023-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10343243/ /pubmed/37446658 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134996 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chan, Ben Chung-Lap Li, Peiting Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung Zheng, Tao Hon, Sharon Sze-Man Lau, Ching-Po Cheng, Wen Chen, Fang Lau, Clara Bik-San Leung, Ping-Chung Wong, Chun-Kwok Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products |
title | Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products |
title_full | Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products |
title_fullStr | Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products |
title_full_unstemmed | Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products |
title_short | Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products |
title_sort | creating a vaccine-like supplement against respiratory infection using recombinant bacillus subtilis spores expressing sars-cov-2 spike protein with natural products |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343243/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446658 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134996 |
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