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Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products

Vaccination is the most effective method of combating COVID-19 infection, but people with a psychological fear of needles and side effects are hesitant to receive the current vaccination, and alternative delivery methods may help. Bacillus subtilis, a harmless intestinal commensal, has recently earn...

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Autores principales: Chan, Ben Chung-Lap, Li, Peiting, Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man, Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau, Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung, Zheng, Tao, Hon, Sharon Sze-Man, Lau, Ching-Po, Cheng, Wen, Chen, Fang, Lau, Clara Bik-San, Leung, Ping-Chung, Wong, Chun-Kwok
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343243/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446658
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134996
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author Chan, Ben Chung-Lap
Li, Peiting
Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man
Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau
Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung
Zheng, Tao
Hon, Sharon Sze-Man
Lau, Ching-Po
Cheng, Wen
Chen, Fang
Lau, Clara Bik-San
Leung, Ping-Chung
Wong, Chun-Kwok
author_facet Chan, Ben Chung-Lap
Li, Peiting
Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man
Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau
Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung
Zheng, Tao
Hon, Sharon Sze-Man
Lau, Ching-Po
Cheng, Wen
Chen, Fang
Lau, Clara Bik-San
Leung, Ping-Chung
Wong, Chun-Kwok
author_sort Chan, Ben Chung-Lap
collection PubMed
description Vaccination is the most effective method of combating COVID-19 infection, but people with a psychological fear of needles and side effects are hesitant to receive the current vaccination, and alternative delivery methods may help. Bacillus subtilis, a harmless intestinal commensal, has recently earned a strong reputation as a vaccine production host and delivery vector, with advantages such as low cost, safety for human consumption, and straightforward oral administration. In this study, we have succeeded generating “S spores” by engineering B. subtilis with spore coat proteins resembling the spike (S) protein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. With the addition of two immunostimulating natural products as adjuvants, namely Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge (AM) and Coriolus versicolor (CV), oral administration of S spores could elicit mild immune responses against COVID-19 infection without toxicity. Mucosal IgA against the S protein was enhanced by co-feeding with AM and CV in an S spores-inoculated mouse model. Faster and stronger IgG responses against the S protein were observed when the mice were fed with S spores prior to vaccination with the commercial COVID-19 vaccine CoronaVac. In vitro studies demonstrated that AM, CV, and B. subtilis spores could dose-dependently activate both macrophages and dendritic cells by secreting innate immunity-related IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and some other proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. In conclusion, the combination of S spores with AM and CV may be helpful in developing a vaccine-like supplement against respiratory infection.
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spelling pubmed-103432432023-07-14 Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products Chan, Ben Chung-Lap Li, Peiting Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung Zheng, Tao Hon, Sharon Sze-Man Lau, Ching-Po Cheng, Wen Chen, Fang Lau, Clara Bik-San Leung, Ping-Chung Wong, Chun-Kwok Molecules Article Vaccination is the most effective method of combating COVID-19 infection, but people with a psychological fear of needles and side effects are hesitant to receive the current vaccination, and alternative delivery methods may help. Bacillus subtilis, a harmless intestinal commensal, has recently earned a strong reputation as a vaccine production host and delivery vector, with advantages such as low cost, safety for human consumption, and straightforward oral administration. In this study, we have succeeded generating “S spores” by engineering B. subtilis with spore coat proteins resembling the spike (S) protein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. With the addition of two immunostimulating natural products as adjuvants, namely Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge (AM) and Coriolus versicolor (CV), oral administration of S spores could elicit mild immune responses against COVID-19 infection without toxicity. Mucosal IgA against the S protein was enhanced by co-feeding with AM and CV in an S spores-inoculated mouse model. Faster and stronger IgG responses against the S protein were observed when the mice were fed with S spores prior to vaccination with the commercial COVID-19 vaccine CoronaVac. In vitro studies demonstrated that AM, CV, and B. subtilis spores could dose-dependently activate both macrophages and dendritic cells by secreting innate immunity-related IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and some other proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. In conclusion, the combination of S spores with AM and CV may be helpful in developing a vaccine-like supplement against respiratory infection. MDPI 2023-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10343243/ /pubmed/37446658 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134996 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chan, Ben Chung-Lap
Li, Peiting
Tsang, Miranda Sin-Man
Sung, Johnny Chun-Chau
Kwong, Keith Wai-Yeung
Zheng, Tao
Hon, Sharon Sze-Man
Lau, Ching-Po
Cheng, Wen
Chen, Fang
Lau, Clara Bik-San
Leung, Ping-Chung
Wong, Chun-Kwok
Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
title Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
title_full Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
title_fullStr Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
title_full_unstemmed Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
title_short Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Spores Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein with Natural Products
title_sort creating a vaccine-like supplement against respiratory infection using recombinant bacillus subtilis spores expressing sars-cov-2 spike protein with natural products
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343243/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446658
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134996
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