Cargando…

Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus

As a non-graphitized carbon material, possessing exceptional hardness and chemical inertness, glassy carbon (GC) is often synthesized through the pyrolysis method, which includes a compression procedure of powdered precursor materials, thus increasing the costs for production of glassy carbon at an...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yang, Yi, Dang, Yanpei, Ruan, Haihui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445108
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134794
_version_ 1785072711466221568
author Yang, Yi
Dang, Yanpei
Ruan, Haihui
author_facet Yang, Yi
Dang, Yanpei
Ruan, Haihui
author_sort Yang, Yi
collection PubMed
description As a non-graphitized carbon material, possessing exceptional hardness and chemical inertness, glassy carbon (GC) is often synthesized through the pyrolysis method, which includes a compression procedure of powdered precursor materials, thus increasing the costs for production of glassy carbon at an industrial scale. Direct preparation of GC via pyrolysis of bulk precursors is a low-cost approach but encounters challenges arising from an insufficient knowledge of carbon structure formation. In order to solve this problem, a new analysis of the temperature-dependent variation in Young’s modulus of GC obtained by the pyrolysis of phenolic resin at 1000 °C, utilizing the impulse excitation technique (IET), was performed. Our findings demonstrate that there is a critical temperature range of 500–600 °C where pyrolysis leads to the most significant density change and GC is formed as a result. When GC samples are heated again, a significant structural reformation occurs in the same temperature range. It causes a decrease in stiffness, especially at heating rates >3 °C/min, and an interesting restorative effect–increase in stiffness when a GC sample is annealed at temperatures of 500–550 °C. These results bring important implications for the direct formation of large amounts of glassy carbon using bulk precursors.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10343330
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-103433302023-07-14 Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus Yang, Yi Dang, Yanpei Ruan, Haihui Materials (Basel) Article As a non-graphitized carbon material, possessing exceptional hardness and chemical inertness, glassy carbon (GC) is often synthesized through the pyrolysis method, which includes a compression procedure of powdered precursor materials, thus increasing the costs for production of glassy carbon at an industrial scale. Direct preparation of GC via pyrolysis of bulk precursors is a low-cost approach but encounters challenges arising from an insufficient knowledge of carbon structure formation. In order to solve this problem, a new analysis of the temperature-dependent variation in Young’s modulus of GC obtained by the pyrolysis of phenolic resin at 1000 °C, utilizing the impulse excitation technique (IET), was performed. Our findings demonstrate that there is a critical temperature range of 500–600 °C where pyrolysis leads to the most significant density change and GC is formed as a result. When GC samples are heated again, a significant structural reformation occurs in the same temperature range. It causes a decrease in stiffness, especially at heating rates >3 °C/min, and an interesting restorative effect–increase in stiffness when a GC sample is annealed at temperatures of 500–550 °C. These results bring important implications for the direct formation of large amounts of glassy carbon using bulk precursors. MDPI 2023-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10343330/ /pubmed/37445108 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134794 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yang, Yi
Dang, Yanpei
Ruan, Haihui
Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus
title Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus
title_full Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus
title_fullStr Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus
title_full_unstemmed Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus
title_short Structural Evolution in Glassy Carbon Investigated Based on the Temperature Dependence of Young’s Modulus
title_sort structural evolution in glassy carbon investigated based on the temperature dependence of young’s modulus
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343330/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37445108
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134794
work_keys_str_mv AT yangyi structuralevolutioninglassycarboninvestigatedbasedonthetemperaturedependenceofyoungsmodulus
AT dangyanpei structuralevolutioninglassycarboninvestigatedbasedonthetemperaturedependenceofyoungsmodulus
AT ruanhaihui structuralevolutioninglassycarboninvestigatedbasedonthetemperaturedependenceofyoungsmodulus