Measurement and Correlation of Solubility of Thiamine Nitrate in Three Binary Solvents and Thermodynamic Properties for the Solutions in Different Binary Mixtures at (278.15–313.15) K

The solubility of thiamine nitrate in {(methanol, acetone, isopropanol) + water} solvents will provide essential support for crystallization design and further theoretical studies. In this study, the solubility was experimentally measured over temperatures ranging from 278.15 to 313.15 K under atmospheric pressure using a dynamic method. The solubility increased with increasing temperature at a constant solvent composition. The dissolving capacity of thiamine nitrate in the three binary solvent mixtures at constant temperature in the low ratio of water ranked as water + methanol > water + acetone > water + isopropanol generally. Interestingly, in the high ratio of water systems, especially when the molar concentration of water was greater than 0.6, the dissolving capacity ranked as water + acetone > water + methanol > water + isopropanol. Additionally, the modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, van’t Hoff equation and NRTL model were used to correlate the solubility data in binary mixtures. It turned out that all the selected thermodynamic models could give satisfactory results. Furthermore, the thermodynamic properties of the dissolution process of thiamine nitrate were also calculated based on the modified van’t Hoff equation. The results indicate that the dissolution process of the thiamine nitrate in the selected solvents is all endothermic.