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Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles

The current study focused on the fabrication of a well-designed, biocompatible, physically stable, non-irritating and highly porous gelatin scaffold loaded with controlled-release triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and econazole nitrate (EN) co-loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (EN-TA-loaded MSN...

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Autores principales: Younis, Hina, Khan, Hafeez Ullah, Maheen, Safirah, Saadullah, Malik, Shah, Shahid, Ahmad, Nabeel, Alshehri, Sameer, Majrashi, Mohammed Ali A., Alsalhi, Abdullah, Siddique, Rida, Andleeb, Mehwish, Shabbir, Saleha, Abbas, Ghulam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343853/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446893
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135233
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author Younis, Hina
Khan, Hafeez Ullah
Maheen, Safirah
Saadullah, Malik
Shah, Shahid
Ahmad, Nabeel
Alshehri, Sameer
Majrashi, Mohammed Ali A.
Alsalhi, Abdullah
Siddique, Rida
Andleeb, Mehwish
Shabbir, Saleha
Abbas, Ghulam
author_facet Younis, Hina
Khan, Hafeez Ullah
Maheen, Safirah
Saadullah, Malik
Shah, Shahid
Ahmad, Nabeel
Alshehri, Sameer
Majrashi, Mohammed Ali A.
Alsalhi, Abdullah
Siddique, Rida
Andleeb, Mehwish
Shabbir, Saleha
Abbas, Ghulam
author_sort Younis, Hina
collection PubMed
description The current study focused on the fabrication of a well-designed, biocompatible, physically stable, non-irritating and highly porous gelatin scaffold loaded with controlled-release triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and econazole nitrate (EN) co-loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (EN-TA-loaded MSNs) to provide a better long-lasting antifungal therapeutic effect with minimal unfavorable effects. Optimization of the MSNs-loaded scaffold was performed using central composite rotatable design (CCRD), where the effect of gelatin concentration (X1), plasticizer (X2) and freezing time (X3) on the entrapment of EN (Y1) and TA (Y2) and on the release of EN (Y3) and TA (Y4) from the scaffold were studied. The significant compatibility of all formulation ingredients with both drugs was established from XRD, DSC and FT-IR spectra analyses while SEM and zeta studies represented a very precise unvarying distribution of the loaded MSNs in the porous structure of the scaffold. The stability of the optimized scaffold was confirmed from zeta potential analysis (−16.20 mV), and it exhibited higher entrapment efficiency (94%) and the slower (34%) release of both drugs. During in vitro and in vivo antifungal studies against Candida albicans, the MSNs-loaded scaffold was comparatively superior in the eradication of fungal infections as a greater zone of inhibition was observed for the optimized scaffold (16.91 mm) as compared to the pure drugs suspension (14.10 mm). Similarly, the MSNs-loaded scaffold showed a decreased cytotoxicity because the cell survival rate in the scaffold presence was 89% while the cell survival rate was 85% in the case of the pure drugs, and the MSNs-loaded scaffold did not indicate any grade of erythema on the skin in comparison to the pure medicinal agents. Conclusively, the scaffold-loaded nanoparticles containing the combined therapy appear to possess a strong prospective for enhancing patients’ adherence and therapy tolerance by yielding improved synergistic antifungal efficacy at a low dose with abridged toxicity and augmented wound-healing impact.
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spelling pubmed-103438532023-07-14 Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles Younis, Hina Khan, Hafeez Ullah Maheen, Safirah Saadullah, Malik Shah, Shahid Ahmad, Nabeel Alshehri, Sameer Majrashi, Mohammed Ali A. Alsalhi, Abdullah Siddique, Rida Andleeb, Mehwish Shabbir, Saleha Abbas, Ghulam Molecules Article The current study focused on the fabrication of a well-designed, biocompatible, physically stable, non-irritating and highly porous gelatin scaffold loaded with controlled-release triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and econazole nitrate (EN) co-loaded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (EN-TA-loaded MSNs) to provide a better long-lasting antifungal therapeutic effect with minimal unfavorable effects. Optimization of the MSNs-loaded scaffold was performed using central composite rotatable design (CCRD), where the effect of gelatin concentration (X1), plasticizer (X2) and freezing time (X3) on the entrapment of EN (Y1) and TA (Y2) and on the release of EN (Y3) and TA (Y4) from the scaffold were studied. The significant compatibility of all formulation ingredients with both drugs was established from XRD, DSC and FT-IR spectra analyses while SEM and zeta studies represented a very precise unvarying distribution of the loaded MSNs in the porous structure of the scaffold. The stability of the optimized scaffold was confirmed from zeta potential analysis (−16.20 mV), and it exhibited higher entrapment efficiency (94%) and the slower (34%) release of both drugs. During in vitro and in vivo antifungal studies against Candida albicans, the MSNs-loaded scaffold was comparatively superior in the eradication of fungal infections as a greater zone of inhibition was observed for the optimized scaffold (16.91 mm) as compared to the pure drugs suspension (14.10 mm). Similarly, the MSNs-loaded scaffold showed a decreased cytotoxicity because the cell survival rate in the scaffold presence was 89% while the cell survival rate was 85% in the case of the pure drugs, and the MSNs-loaded scaffold did not indicate any grade of erythema on the skin in comparison to the pure medicinal agents. Conclusively, the scaffold-loaded nanoparticles containing the combined therapy appear to possess a strong prospective for enhancing patients’ adherence and therapy tolerance by yielding improved synergistic antifungal efficacy at a low dose with abridged toxicity and augmented wound-healing impact. MDPI 2023-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10343853/ /pubmed/37446893 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135233 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Younis, Hina
Khan, Hafeez Ullah
Maheen, Safirah
Saadullah, Malik
Shah, Shahid
Ahmad, Nabeel
Alshehri, Sameer
Majrashi, Mohammed Ali A.
Alsalhi, Abdullah
Siddique, Rida
Andleeb, Mehwish
Shabbir, Saleha
Abbas, Ghulam
Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles
title Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles
title_full Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles
title_fullStr Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles
title_short Fabrication, Characterization and Biomedical Evaluation of a Statistically Optimized Gelatin Scaffold Enriched with Co-Drugs Loaded into Controlled-Release Silica Nanoparticles
title_sort fabrication, characterization and biomedical evaluation of a statistically optimized gelatin scaffold enriched with co-drugs loaded into controlled-release silica nanoparticles
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10343853/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37446893
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135233
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