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Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits

Antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria is one of the preeminent concerns for the future of global health. There is a dose-dependent relationship between antimicrobial use (AMU) and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. As most AMU in Canada is related to animal agriculture, t...

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Autores principales: Warder, Landon M. C., Heider, Luke C., Léger, David F., Rizzo, Daniella, McClure, J. T., de Jong, Ellen, McCubbin, Kayley D., Uyama, Tamaki, Fonseca, Mariana, Jaramillo, Ana Soffia, Kelton, David F., Renaud, David, Barkema, Herman W., Dufour, Simon, Roy, Jean-Philip, Sánchez, Javier
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10347401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37456957
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1185628
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author Warder, Landon M. C.
Heider, Luke C.
Léger, David F.
Rizzo, Daniella
McClure, J. T.
de Jong, Ellen
McCubbin, Kayley D.
Uyama, Tamaki
Fonseca, Mariana
Jaramillo, Ana Soffia
Kelton, David F.
Renaud, David
Barkema, Herman W.
Dufour, Simon
Roy, Jean-Philip
Sánchez, Javier
author_facet Warder, Landon M. C.
Heider, Luke C.
Léger, David F.
Rizzo, Daniella
McClure, J. T.
de Jong, Ellen
McCubbin, Kayley D.
Uyama, Tamaki
Fonseca, Mariana
Jaramillo, Ana Soffia
Kelton, David F.
Renaud, David
Barkema, Herman W.
Dufour, Simon
Roy, Jean-Philip
Sánchez, Javier
author_sort Warder, Landon M. C.
collection PubMed
description Antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria is one of the preeminent concerns for the future of global health. There is a dose-dependent relationship between antimicrobial use (AMU) and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. As most AMU in Canada is related to animal agriculture, there is a need to reduce overall AMU, which could be accomplished through surveillance of AMU in animal agriculture, including the dairy industry. The objective of this study was to quantify AMU on dairy farms across Canada. This study had two parts: a description of data collected in 2019–2020, and a meta-analysis comparing this data to previous estimates of AMU in the Canadian dairy industry. The first included a garbage can audit (GCA) on 107 farms in four Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Nova Scotia) in 2020; AMU data were converted to the dose-based metrics of defined course doses (DCD) and defined daily doses (DDD). Mixed-effect linear models were fit to determine the relationship between province and use of different classes of antimicrobials. On average, for every 100 animals on the farm, 117 DCD of antimicrobials were administered per year (IQR: 55, 158). These treatments amounted to 623 DDD / 100 animal-yr (IQR: 302, 677 DDD/100 animal-years). Penicillins were the most used class of antimicrobials, followed by first-and third-generation cephalosporins. Farms in Ontario used more third-generation cephalosporins than other provinces. The second part of this study compared AMU in 2020 to previously reported Canadian studies through a meta-analysis. A GCA was conducted in 2007–2008 in Alberta, Ontario, Québec, and the Maritime provinces (Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia); another GCA was conducted in Québec in 2018. Overall, AMU was lower in 2018–2020 than in 2007–2008, with the exception of third-generation cephalosporin use, which increased.
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spelling pubmed-103474012023-07-15 Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits Warder, Landon M. C. Heider, Luke C. Léger, David F. Rizzo, Daniella McClure, J. T. de Jong, Ellen McCubbin, Kayley D. Uyama, Tamaki Fonseca, Mariana Jaramillo, Ana Soffia Kelton, David F. Renaud, David Barkema, Herman W. Dufour, Simon Roy, Jean-Philip Sánchez, Javier Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria is one of the preeminent concerns for the future of global health. There is a dose-dependent relationship between antimicrobial use (AMU) and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. As most AMU in Canada is related to animal agriculture, there is a need to reduce overall AMU, which could be accomplished through surveillance of AMU in animal agriculture, including the dairy industry. The objective of this study was to quantify AMU on dairy farms across Canada. This study had two parts: a description of data collected in 2019–2020, and a meta-analysis comparing this data to previous estimates of AMU in the Canadian dairy industry. The first included a garbage can audit (GCA) on 107 farms in four Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, and Nova Scotia) in 2020; AMU data were converted to the dose-based metrics of defined course doses (DCD) and defined daily doses (DDD). Mixed-effect linear models were fit to determine the relationship between province and use of different classes of antimicrobials. On average, for every 100 animals on the farm, 117 DCD of antimicrobials were administered per year (IQR: 55, 158). These treatments amounted to 623 DDD / 100 animal-yr (IQR: 302, 677 DDD/100 animal-years). Penicillins were the most used class of antimicrobials, followed by first-and third-generation cephalosporins. Farms in Ontario used more third-generation cephalosporins than other provinces. The second part of this study compared AMU in 2020 to previously reported Canadian studies through a meta-analysis. A GCA was conducted in 2007–2008 in Alberta, Ontario, Québec, and the Maritime provinces (Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia); another GCA was conducted in Québec in 2018. Overall, AMU was lower in 2018–2020 than in 2007–2008, with the exception of third-generation cephalosporin use, which increased. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10347401/ /pubmed/37456957 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1185628 Text en Copyright © 2023 Warder, Heider, Léger, Rizzo, McClure, de Jong, McCubbin, Uyama, Fonseca, Jaramillo, Kelton, Renaud, Barkema, Dufour, Roy and Sánchez. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Warder, Landon M. C.
Heider, Luke C.
Léger, David F.
Rizzo, Daniella
McClure, J. T.
de Jong, Ellen
McCubbin, Kayley D.
Uyama, Tamaki
Fonseca, Mariana
Jaramillo, Ana Soffia
Kelton, David F.
Renaud, David
Barkema, Herman W.
Dufour, Simon
Roy, Jean-Philip
Sánchez, Javier
Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
title Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
title_full Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
title_fullStr Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
title_short Quantifying antimicrobial use on Canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
title_sort quantifying antimicrobial use on canadian dairy farms using garbage can audits
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10347401/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37456957
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1185628
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