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SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021
In November 2021, seven western lowland gorillas and four Asiatic lions were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Rotterdam Zoo. An outbreak investigation was undertaken to determine the source and extent of the outbreak and to identify possible transmission routes. Interviews were conducted with staff to ide...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10347891/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37440347 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.28.2200741 |
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author | Dusseldorp, Florien Bruins-van-Sonsbeek, Linda G.R. Buskermolen, Maaike Niphuis, Henk Dirven, Mariëlle Whelan, Jane Oude Munnink, Bas B. Koopmans, Marion Fanoy, Ewout B. Sikkema, Reina S. Tjon-A-Tsien, Aimée |
author_facet | Dusseldorp, Florien Bruins-van-Sonsbeek, Linda G.R. Buskermolen, Maaike Niphuis, Henk Dirven, Mariëlle Whelan, Jane Oude Munnink, Bas B. Koopmans, Marion Fanoy, Ewout B. Sikkema, Reina S. Tjon-A-Tsien, Aimée |
author_sort | Dusseldorp, Florien |
collection | PubMed |
description | In November 2021, seven western lowland gorillas and four Asiatic lions were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Rotterdam Zoo. An outbreak investigation was undertaken to determine the source and extent of the outbreak and to identify possible transmission routes. Interviews were conducted with staff to identify human and animal contacts and cases, compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) and potential transmission routes. Human and animal contacts and other animal species suspected to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Positive samples were subjected to sequencing. All the gorillas and lions that could be tested (3/7 and 2/4, respectively) were RT-PCR positive between 12 November and 10 December 2021. No other animal species were SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive. Forty direct and indirect human contacts were identified. Two direct contacts tested RT-PCR positive 10 days after the first COVID-19 symptoms in animals. The zookeepers’ viral genome sequences clustered with those of gorillas and lions. Personal protective equipment compliance was suboptimal at instances. Findings confirm transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among animals and between humans and animals but source and directionality could not be established. Zookeepers were the most likely source and should have periodic PPE training. Sick animals should promptly be tested and isolated/quarantined. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10347891 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103478912023-07-15 SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 Dusseldorp, Florien Bruins-van-Sonsbeek, Linda G.R. Buskermolen, Maaike Niphuis, Henk Dirven, Mariëlle Whelan, Jane Oude Munnink, Bas B. Koopmans, Marion Fanoy, Ewout B. Sikkema, Reina S. Tjon-A-Tsien, Aimée Euro Surveill Outbreaks In November 2021, seven western lowland gorillas and four Asiatic lions were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Rotterdam Zoo. An outbreak investigation was undertaken to determine the source and extent of the outbreak and to identify possible transmission routes. Interviews were conducted with staff to identify human and animal contacts and cases, compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) and potential transmission routes. Human and animal contacts and other animal species suspected to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Positive samples were subjected to sequencing. All the gorillas and lions that could be tested (3/7 and 2/4, respectively) were RT-PCR positive between 12 November and 10 December 2021. No other animal species were SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive. Forty direct and indirect human contacts were identified. Two direct contacts tested RT-PCR positive 10 days after the first COVID-19 symptoms in animals. The zookeepers’ viral genome sequences clustered with those of gorillas and lions. Personal protective equipment compliance was suboptimal at instances. Findings confirm transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among animals and between humans and animals but source and directionality could not be established. Zookeepers were the most likely source and should have periodic PPE training. Sick animals should promptly be tested and isolated/quarantined. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2023-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10347891/ /pubmed/37440347 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.28.2200741 Text en This article is copyright of the authors or their affiliated institutions, 2023. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Outbreaks Dusseldorp, Florien Bruins-van-Sonsbeek, Linda G.R. Buskermolen, Maaike Niphuis, Henk Dirven, Mariëlle Whelan, Jane Oude Munnink, Bas B. Koopmans, Marion Fanoy, Ewout B. Sikkema, Reina S. Tjon-A-Tsien, Aimée SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 |
title | SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 |
title_full | SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 |
title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 |
title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 |
title_short | SARS-CoV-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the Rotterdam Zoo, the Netherlands, a One Health investigation, November 2021 |
title_sort | sars-cov-2 in lions, gorillas and zookeepers in the rotterdam zoo, the netherlands, a one health investigation, november 2021 |
topic | Outbreaks |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10347891/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37440347 http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.28.2200741 |
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