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It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)

Although sex determination is ubiquitous in vertebrates, mechanisms of sex determination vary from environmentally- to genetically-influenced. In vertebrates, genetic sex determination is typically accomplished with sex chromosomes. Groups like mammals maintain conserved sex chromosome systems, whil...

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Autores principales: Pinto, Brendan J., Nielsen, Stuart V., Sullivan, Kathryn A., Behere, Ashmika, Keating, Shannon E., van Schingen-Khan, Mona, Nguyen, Truong Quang, Ziegler, Thomas, Pramuk, Jennifer, Wilson, Melissa A., Gamble, Tony
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10349997/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37461522
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.547803
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author Pinto, Brendan J.
Nielsen, Stuart V.
Sullivan, Kathryn A.
Behere, Ashmika
Keating, Shannon E.
van Schingen-Khan, Mona
Nguyen, Truong Quang
Ziegler, Thomas
Pramuk, Jennifer
Wilson, Melissa A.
Gamble, Tony
author_facet Pinto, Brendan J.
Nielsen, Stuart V.
Sullivan, Kathryn A.
Behere, Ashmika
Keating, Shannon E.
van Schingen-Khan, Mona
Nguyen, Truong Quang
Ziegler, Thomas
Pramuk, Jennifer
Wilson, Melissa A.
Gamble, Tony
author_sort Pinto, Brendan J.
collection PubMed
description Although sex determination is ubiquitous in vertebrates, mechanisms of sex determination vary from environmentally- to genetically-influenced. In vertebrates, genetic sex determination is typically accomplished with sex chromosomes. Groups like mammals maintain conserved sex chromosome systems, while sex chromosomes in most vertebrate clades aren’t conserved across similar evolutionary timescales. One group inferred to have an evolutionarily stable mode of sex determination is Anguimorpha, a clade of charismatic taxa including: monitor lizards, Gila monsters, and crocodile lizards. The common ancestor of extant anguimorphs possessed a ZW system that has been retained across the clade. However, the sex chromosome system in the endangered, monotypic family of crocodile lizards (Shinisauridae) has remained elusive. Here, we analyze genomic data to demonstrate that Shinisaurus has replaced the ancestral anguimorph ZW system on LG7 chromosome with a novel ZW system on LG3. The linkage group LG3 corresponds to chromosome 9 in chicken, and this is the first documented use of this syntenic block as a sex chromosome in amniotes. Additionally, this ~1Mb region harbors approximately 10 genes, including a duplication of the sex-determining transcription factor, Foxl2—critical for the determination and maintenance of sexual differentiation in vertebrates, and thus a putative primary sex determining gene for Shinisaurus.
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spelling pubmed-103499972023-07-17 It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae) Pinto, Brendan J. Nielsen, Stuart V. Sullivan, Kathryn A. Behere, Ashmika Keating, Shannon E. van Schingen-Khan, Mona Nguyen, Truong Quang Ziegler, Thomas Pramuk, Jennifer Wilson, Melissa A. Gamble, Tony bioRxiv Article Although sex determination is ubiquitous in vertebrates, mechanisms of sex determination vary from environmentally- to genetically-influenced. In vertebrates, genetic sex determination is typically accomplished with sex chromosomes. Groups like mammals maintain conserved sex chromosome systems, while sex chromosomes in most vertebrate clades aren’t conserved across similar evolutionary timescales. One group inferred to have an evolutionarily stable mode of sex determination is Anguimorpha, a clade of charismatic taxa including: monitor lizards, Gila monsters, and crocodile lizards. The common ancestor of extant anguimorphs possessed a ZW system that has been retained across the clade. However, the sex chromosome system in the endangered, monotypic family of crocodile lizards (Shinisauridae) has remained elusive. Here, we analyze genomic data to demonstrate that Shinisaurus has replaced the ancestral anguimorph ZW system on LG7 chromosome with a novel ZW system on LG3. The linkage group LG3 corresponds to chromosome 9 in chicken, and this is the first documented use of this syntenic block as a sex chromosome in amniotes. Additionally, this ~1Mb region harbors approximately 10 genes, including a duplication of the sex-determining transcription factor, Foxl2—critical for the determination and maintenance of sexual differentiation in vertebrates, and thus a putative primary sex determining gene for Shinisaurus. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2023-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10349997/ /pubmed/37461522 http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.547803 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form only, for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.
spellingShingle Article
Pinto, Brendan J.
Nielsen, Stuart V.
Sullivan, Kathryn A.
Behere, Ashmika
Keating, Shannon E.
van Schingen-Khan, Mona
Nguyen, Truong Quang
Ziegler, Thomas
Pramuk, Jennifer
Wilson, Melissa A.
Gamble, Tony
It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)
title It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)
title_full It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)
title_fullStr It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)
title_full_unstemmed It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)
title_short It’s a Trap?! Escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of Foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae)
title_sort it’s a trap?! escape from an ancient, ancestral sex chromosome system and implication of foxl2 as the putative primary sex determining gene in a lizard (anguimorpha; shinisauridae)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10349997/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37461522
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.547803
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