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The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave

The electroretinogram (ERG) measures the electrical activity of retinal neurons and glial cells in response to a light stimulus. Amongst other techniques, clinicians utilize the ERG to diagnose various eye diseases, including inherited conditions such as cone-rod dystrophy, rod-cone dystrophy, retin...

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Autores principales: Bhatt, Yashvi, Hunt, David M., Carvalho, Livia S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37465364
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2023.1153934
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author Bhatt, Yashvi
Hunt, David M.
Carvalho, Livia S.
author_facet Bhatt, Yashvi
Hunt, David M.
Carvalho, Livia S.
author_sort Bhatt, Yashvi
collection PubMed
description The electroretinogram (ERG) measures the electrical activity of retinal neurons and glial cells in response to a light stimulus. Amongst other techniques, clinicians utilize the ERG to diagnose various eye diseases, including inherited conditions such as cone-rod dystrophy, rod-cone dystrophy, retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome, and to assess overall retinal health. An ERG measures the scotopic and photopic systems separately and mainly consists of an a-wave and a b-wave. The other major components of the dark-adapted ERG response include the oscillatory potentials, c-wave, and d-wave. The dark-adapted a-wave is the initial corneal negative wave that arises from the outer segments of the rod and cone photoreceptors hyperpolarizing in response to a light stimulus. This is followed by the slower, positive, and prolonged b-wave, whose origins remain elusive. Despite a large body of work, there remains controversy around the mechanisms involved in the generation of the b-wave. Several hypotheses attribute the origins of the b-wave to bipolar or Müller glial cells or a dual contribution from both cell types. This review will discuss the current hypothesis for the cellular origins of the dark-adapted ERG, with a focus on the b-wave.
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spelling pubmed-103513852023-07-18 The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave Bhatt, Yashvi Hunt, David M. Carvalho, Livia S. Front Mol Neurosci Molecular Neuroscience The electroretinogram (ERG) measures the electrical activity of retinal neurons and glial cells in response to a light stimulus. Amongst other techniques, clinicians utilize the ERG to diagnose various eye diseases, including inherited conditions such as cone-rod dystrophy, rod-cone dystrophy, retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome, and to assess overall retinal health. An ERG measures the scotopic and photopic systems separately and mainly consists of an a-wave and a b-wave. The other major components of the dark-adapted ERG response include the oscillatory potentials, c-wave, and d-wave. The dark-adapted a-wave is the initial corneal negative wave that arises from the outer segments of the rod and cone photoreceptors hyperpolarizing in response to a light stimulus. This is followed by the slower, positive, and prolonged b-wave, whose origins remain elusive. Despite a large body of work, there remains controversy around the mechanisms involved in the generation of the b-wave. Several hypotheses attribute the origins of the b-wave to bipolar or Müller glial cells or a dual contribution from both cell types. This review will discuss the current hypothesis for the cellular origins of the dark-adapted ERG, with a focus on the b-wave. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10351385/ /pubmed/37465364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2023.1153934 Text en Copyright © 2023 Bhatt, Hunt and Carvalho. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Molecular Neuroscience
Bhatt, Yashvi
Hunt, David M.
Carvalho, Livia S.
The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
title The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
title_full The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
title_fullStr The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
title_full_unstemmed The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
title_short The origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
title_sort origins of the full-field flash electroretinogram b-wave
topic Molecular Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37465364
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2023.1153934
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