To Weed or Not to Weed: A Systematic Review Exploring the Potential for Cannabis Use in Cardiovascular Disease, Mental Health and Pain Management

Despite its historical reputation as a substance of abuse, cannabis use has increased following decriminalization efforts in the United States. It has historically garnered a bad reputation as a substance of abuse, but paradoxically is associated with an improved perception of well-being. We were interested in positive cardiovascular outcomes, both positive and negative mental health outcomes and impact on physical activity of cannabis, both recreational and medical. Databases included PubMed, ResearchGate, Cochrane, Science.gov and ScienceDirect. We were interested in cardiovascular, mental health and physical health in our search. Data included articles published during or after 2017. Our studies showed no cardiovascular benefits, increased risk of documented cardiovascular events and increased mortality associated with cannabis use. Physical benefits derived were largely in patients with chronic pain. With regards to mental health, the impact of the drug appears to be both positive and negative, with no clear benefits as a first-line agent. Route of administration appears to have an impact on the overall extent of side effects. Overall, medical cannabis appears to pose an almost negligible side effect profile compared to recreational. Our findings suggest that while cannabis use may offer benefits for chronic pain management, it is associated with increased cardiovascular risks. Further, medical cannabis appears to have a more favorable side effect profile compared to recreational use.