Cargando…

Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) can develop through several dysregulated molecular pathways, including the serrated pathway, characterized by CpG island methylator (CIMP) phenotype. Although the tumor tissue is a commonly tested material, sample types such as stool or plasma, bring a new, non-...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lukacova, Eva, Burjanivova, Tatiana, Podlesniy, Petar, Grendar, Marian, Turyova, Eva, Kasubova, Ivana, Laca, Ludovit, Mikolajcik, Peter, Kudelova, Eva, Vanochova, Andrea, Miklusica, Juraj, Mersakova, Sandra, Lasabova, Zora
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10354553/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37476382
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1205791
_version_ 1785074953469558784
author Lukacova, Eva
Burjanivova, Tatiana
Podlesniy, Petar
Grendar, Marian
Turyova, Eva
Kasubova, Ivana
Laca, Ludovit
Mikolajcik, Peter
Kudelova, Eva
Vanochova, Andrea
Miklusica, Juraj
Mersakova, Sandra
Lasabova, Zora
author_facet Lukacova, Eva
Burjanivova, Tatiana
Podlesniy, Petar
Grendar, Marian
Turyova, Eva
Kasubova, Ivana
Laca, Ludovit
Mikolajcik, Peter
Kudelova, Eva
Vanochova, Andrea
Miklusica, Juraj
Mersakova, Sandra
Lasabova, Zora
author_sort Lukacova, Eva
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) can develop through several dysregulated molecular pathways, including the serrated pathway, characterized by CpG island methylator (CIMP) phenotype. Although the tumor tissue is a commonly tested material, sample types such as stool or plasma, bring a new, non-invasive approach. Several cancer-related methylated genes have been identified in CRC patients, including gene GRIA4, showing promising diagnostic potential. The aim of our study was to develop a sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to examine GRIA4 hypermethylation status in CRC patients and evaluate its diagnostic potential in tissue and liquid biopsy samples. METHODS: In total, 23 patients participated in this study, 7 patients with primary CRC and 16 patients with liver metastasis of clinically known CRC. We obtained tumor and non-tumor tissues (N=17), blood samples pre- and post-surgery (N=22), and blood of five volunteers without a personal cancer history. We have developed and optimized a ddPCR assay for GRIA4 hypermethylation detection, from tissue and plasma samples. RESULTS: We detected significantly increased GRIA4 methylation in tumor tissues compared to their adjacent non-tumor tissue, p<0.0001. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis defined cutoff values to separate primary tumors and metastases from non-tumor colon/rectum, specifically 36.85% for primary tumors and 34.81% for metastases. All primary tumors were above this threshold. When comparing the methylation levels of metastatic vs. non-tumor tissue, a smaller increase was observed in liver metastasis versus colon tissue (3.6× gain; p=0.001), then in liver metastasis versus adjacent liver tissue (17.4× gain; p<0.0001). On average, GRIA4 hypermethylation in primary tumor plasma was 2.8-fold higher (p=0.39), and in metastatic plasma, 16.4-fold higher (p=0.0011) compared to healthy individuals. Hypermethylation in metastatic plasma was on average 5.9 times higher (p=0.051) than in primary tumor plasma. After tumor removal surgery, average hypermethylation decrease in plasma was 1.6× for primary (p=0.037) and 4.5× for metastatic patients (p=0.023). DISCUSSION: Based on our data, it can be inferred that GRIA4 serves as a tissue specific biomarker for the colon/rectum tissue, thus is suitable for cancer classification. This biomarker showed the potential to be an attractive target for early non-invasive detection of metastases of clinically known CRC, although additional analysis has to be performed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10354553
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-103545532023-07-20 Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer Lukacova, Eva Burjanivova, Tatiana Podlesniy, Petar Grendar, Marian Turyova, Eva Kasubova, Ivana Laca, Ludovit Mikolajcik, Peter Kudelova, Eva Vanochova, Andrea Miklusica, Juraj Mersakova, Sandra Lasabova, Zora Front Oncol Oncology INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) can develop through several dysregulated molecular pathways, including the serrated pathway, characterized by CpG island methylator (CIMP) phenotype. Although the tumor tissue is a commonly tested material, sample types such as stool or plasma, bring a new, non-invasive approach. Several cancer-related methylated genes have been identified in CRC patients, including gene GRIA4, showing promising diagnostic potential. The aim of our study was to develop a sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to examine GRIA4 hypermethylation status in CRC patients and evaluate its diagnostic potential in tissue and liquid biopsy samples. METHODS: In total, 23 patients participated in this study, 7 patients with primary CRC and 16 patients with liver metastasis of clinically known CRC. We obtained tumor and non-tumor tissues (N=17), blood samples pre- and post-surgery (N=22), and blood of five volunteers without a personal cancer history. We have developed and optimized a ddPCR assay for GRIA4 hypermethylation detection, from tissue and plasma samples. RESULTS: We detected significantly increased GRIA4 methylation in tumor tissues compared to their adjacent non-tumor tissue, p<0.0001. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis defined cutoff values to separate primary tumors and metastases from non-tumor colon/rectum, specifically 36.85% for primary tumors and 34.81% for metastases. All primary tumors were above this threshold. When comparing the methylation levels of metastatic vs. non-tumor tissue, a smaller increase was observed in liver metastasis versus colon tissue (3.6× gain; p=0.001), then in liver metastasis versus adjacent liver tissue (17.4× gain; p<0.0001). On average, GRIA4 hypermethylation in primary tumor plasma was 2.8-fold higher (p=0.39), and in metastatic plasma, 16.4-fold higher (p=0.0011) compared to healthy individuals. Hypermethylation in metastatic plasma was on average 5.9 times higher (p=0.051) than in primary tumor plasma. After tumor removal surgery, average hypermethylation decrease in plasma was 1.6× for primary (p=0.037) and 4.5× for metastatic patients (p=0.023). DISCUSSION: Based on our data, it can be inferred that GRIA4 serves as a tissue specific biomarker for the colon/rectum tissue, thus is suitable for cancer classification. This biomarker showed the potential to be an attractive target for early non-invasive detection of metastases of clinically known CRC, although additional analysis has to be performed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10354553/ /pubmed/37476382 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1205791 Text en Copyright © 2023 Lukacova, Burjanivova, Podlesniy, Grendar, Turyova, Kasubova, Laca, Mikolajcik, Kudelova, Vanochova, Miklusica, Mersakova and Lasabova https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Oncology
Lukacova, Eva
Burjanivova, Tatiana
Podlesniy, Petar
Grendar, Marian
Turyova, Eva
Kasubova, Ivana
Laca, Ludovit
Mikolajcik, Peter
Kudelova, Eva
Vanochova, Andrea
Miklusica, Juraj
Mersakova, Sandra
Lasabova, Zora
Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
title Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
title_full Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
title_fullStr Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
title_full_unstemmed Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
title_short Hypermethylated GRIA4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
title_sort hypermethylated gria4, a potential biomarker for an early non-invasive detection of metastasis of clinically known colorectal cancer
topic Oncology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10354553/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37476382
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1205791
work_keys_str_mv AT lukacovaeva hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT burjanivovatatiana hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT podlesniypetar hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT grendarmarian hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT turyovaeva hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT kasubovaivana hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT lacaludovit hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT mikolajcikpeter hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT kudelovaeva hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT vanochovaandrea hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT miklusicajuraj hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT mersakovasandra hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer
AT lasabovazora hypermethylatedgria4apotentialbiomarkerforanearlynoninvasivedetectionofmetastasisofclinicallyknowncolorectalcancer