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Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center

BACKGROUND: In pediatric age, Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from mild localized infections to life-threatening invasive diseases. In December 2022, the World Health Organization reported an increased incidence of scarlet fever and invasive...

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Autores principales: Garancini, Nicolò, Ricci, Giulia, Ghezzi, Michele, Tommasi, Paola, Zunica, Fiammetta, Mandelli, Anna, Zoia, Elena, D’Auria, Enza, Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10354902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37468965
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01494-9
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author Garancini, Nicolò
Ricci, Giulia
Ghezzi, Michele
Tommasi, Paola
Zunica, Fiammetta
Mandelli, Anna
Zoia, Elena
D’Auria, Enza
Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
author_facet Garancini, Nicolò
Ricci, Giulia
Ghezzi, Michele
Tommasi, Paola
Zunica, Fiammetta
Mandelli, Anna
Zoia, Elena
D’Auria, Enza
Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
author_sort Garancini, Nicolò
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In pediatric age, Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from mild localized infections to life-threatening invasive diseases. In December 2022, the World Health Organization reported an increased incidence of scarlet fever and invasive GAS infections (iGAS) cases in Europe and the United States. In line with these observations, surveillance has been strengthened in our Region, allowing the identification of certified or highly suspected forms of iGAS. CASE PRESENTATION: We report here 4 emblematic cases of iGAS admitted to our Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the short time span from mid-February to mid-March 2023. Particularly, we describe a case of pleuropneumonia (4 year old boy) and a case of respiratory failure (2 year old boy), who necessitated Non-Invasive Ventilation support, a case of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (6 year old girl), presenting with multi-organ failure, who needed Invasive Ventilation, and a case of meningitis (5 year old girl). All these patients needed intensive care support. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate differential diagnosis and early treatment both could help to reduce the transmission of GAS and consequently the risk of severe iGAS. These cases confirmed the need for close monitoring and appropriate notification, in order to verify their actual increased incidence. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-023-01494-9.
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spelling pubmed-103549022023-07-20 Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center Garancini, Nicolò Ricci, Giulia Ghezzi, Michele Tommasi, Paola Zunica, Fiammetta Mandelli, Anna Zoia, Elena D’Auria, Enza Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo Ital J Pediatr Case Report BACKGROUND: In pediatric age, Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, from mild localized infections to life-threatening invasive diseases. In December 2022, the World Health Organization reported an increased incidence of scarlet fever and invasive GAS infections (iGAS) cases in Europe and the United States. In line with these observations, surveillance has been strengthened in our Region, allowing the identification of certified or highly suspected forms of iGAS. CASE PRESENTATION: We report here 4 emblematic cases of iGAS admitted to our Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the short time span from mid-February to mid-March 2023. Particularly, we describe a case of pleuropneumonia (4 year old boy) and a case of respiratory failure (2 year old boy), who necessitated Non-Invasive Ventilation support, a case of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (6 year old girl), presenting with multi-organ failure, who needed Invasive Ventilation, and a case of meningitis (5 year old girl). All these patients needed intensive care support. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate differential diagnosis and early treatment both could help to reduce the transmission of GAS and consequently the risk of severe iGAS. These cases confirmed the need for close monitoring and appropriate notification, in order to verify their actual increased incidence. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-023-01494-9. BioMed Central 2023-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10354902/ /pubmed/37468965 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01494-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Case Report
Garancini, Nicolò
Ricci, Giulia
Ghezzi, Michele
Tommasi, Paola
Zunica, Fiammetta
Mandelli, Anna
Zoia, Elena
D’Auria, Enza
Zuccotti, Gian Vincenzo
Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
title Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
title_full Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
title_fullStr Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
title_full_unstemmed Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
title_short Invasive Group A streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? A case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
title_sort invasive group a streptococcal infections: are we facing a new outbreak? a case series with the experience of a single tertiary center
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10354902/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37468965
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13052-023-01494-9
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