Patient safety culture and associated factors among health care providers in government and private hospitals, Bahir Dar City Northwest, Ethiopia, 2022: a comparative cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Patient safety in a healthcare setting is now a major global concern. Millions of people suffer disabling injuries or death directly related to medical care errors, particularly in developing countries. Evidence about patient safety culture in Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the level of patient safety culture and associated factors among healthcare providers in government and private healthcare providers. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 30, 2022. Self-administered hospital survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) tool was used to select 448 study participants. Epi Data version 4.6 and SPSS version 26 were used for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test, Bi-variable, and multivariable logistic regressions were done to determine the association between the independent and outcome variable. RESULT: A total of 448 healthcare providers with a response rate of 99.6% participated. The prevalence of good patient safety culture was 50.9%( 95%CI: 46.2, 55.6%). Patient safety culture difference was observed between government and private healthcare providers (× 2 = 22.6, df = 1, p = 0.000). Type of hospitals (AOR = 0.37(95% CI:(0.21, 0.68), profession (AOR = 2.16 (95% CI:(1.02,4.62), job satisfaction (AOR = 0.19,95%CI:(0.12,0.30), participated in patient safety programs(AOR = 2.69:(95%CI:1.53,4.75), providing necessary equipment and materials (AOR = 2.05(95%CI: 1.18,3.55%), and work shift (AOR = 0.47( 95%CI: 0.25,0.93) were found significantly associated with good patient safety culture among healthcare providers. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of good patient safety culture was relatively low. Patient safety culture difference is observed between government and private healthcare providers. Type of hospitals (public or private), profession, job satisfaction, participation in patient safety programs, providing necessary equipment and materials, and work shifts were associated factors for patient safety culture. Therefore, it is better to design patient safety improvement strategies for both government and private healthcare providers.