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Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as one of the major public health concerns. The increasing prevalence of its correlates such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been, due in part responsible for the increased burden. However, very few studies have presented the comprehensive data on...

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Autores principales: Pandey, Achyut Raj, Poudyal, Anil, Adhikari, Bikram, Shrestha, Niraj
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10355414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37467235
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001727
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author Pandey, Achyut Raj
Poudyal, Anil
Adhikari, Bikram
Shrestha, Niraj
author_facet Pandey, Achyut Raj
Poudyal, Anil
Adhikari, Bikram
Shrestha, Niraj
author_sort Pandey, Achyut Raj
collection PubMed
description Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as one of the major public health concerns. The increasing prevalence of its correlates such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been, due in part responsible for the increased burden. However, very few studies have presented the comprehensive data on burden of disease particularly in developing countries like Nepal. In this study, we have performed an analysis on prevalence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to CKD in Nepal using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The GBD 2019 study provides estimation of the prevalence, mortality rates, YLDs, YLLs and DALYs due to 369 different disease and 87 risk factors for 204 countries and territories across the world. In this study, we present Nepal specific data on prevalence, mortality, YLDs, YLLs and DALYs related to CKD. In 2019, there were 1,895,080 prevalent cases of CKD with 5,108 deaths, and a total of 168,900 DALYs were attributable to CKD. Age-standardized prevalence rate of CKD increased from 5,979.1 cases per 100,000 population (95% UI: 5539.7, 6400.4) in 1990 to 7,634.1 cases per 100,000 population (95% UI: 7138.8, 8119.4) in 2019 with higher prevalence in males. Similarly, the age-standardized mortality due to CKD increased for both sexes from 0.8 deaths per 100,000 population (95% UI: 0.6, 1.0) in 1990 to 2.6 deaths per 100,000 population (95% UI: 2.0, 3.3) in 2019. The burden of CKD as a percentage of total DALYs was 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4, 0.6) in 1990 and increased to 1.8% (95% UI: 1.4, 2.2%) in 2019. Kidney dysfunction, high systolic blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, high body mass index, low temperature, lead exposure, diet high in sodium, and high temperature were found to be the major risk factors for CKD. The study reveals that Nepal has a high and rising burden of CKD. Innovative strategies for prevention of CKD including health system preparedness for treatment services are required to respond to the rising burden of CKD.
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spelling pubmed-103554142023-07-20 Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019 Pandey, Achyut Raj Poudyal, Anil Adhikari, Bikram Shrestha, Niraj PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as one of the major public health concerns. The increasing prevalence of its correlates such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension has been, due in part responsible for the increased burden. However, very few studies have presented the comprehensive data on burden of disease particularly in developing countries like Nepal. In this study, we have performed an analysis on prevalence, mortality, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to CKD in Nepal using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The GBD 2019 study provides estimation of the prevalence, mortality rates, YLDs, YLLs and DALYs due to 369 different disease and 87 risk factors for 204 countries and territories across the world. In this study, we present Nepal specific data on prevalence, mortality, YLDs, YLLs and DALYs related to CKD. In 2019, there were 1,895,080 prevalent cases of CKD with 5,108 deaths, and a total of 168,900 DALYs were attributable to CKD. Age-standardized prevalence rate of CKD increased from 5,979.1 cases per 100,000 population (95% UI: 5539.7, 6400.4) in 1990 to 7,634.1 cases per 100,000 population (95% UI: 7138.8, 8119.4) in 2019 with higher prevalence in males. Similarly, the age-standardized mortality due to CKD increased for both sexes from 0.8 deaths per 100,000 population (95% UI: 0.6, 1.0) in 1990 to 2.6 deaths per 100,000 population (95% UI: 2.0, 3.3) in 2019. The burden of CKD as a percentage of total DALYs was 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4, 0.6) in 1990 and increased to 1.8% (95% UI: 1.4, 2.2%) in 2019. Kidney dysfunction, high systolic blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, high body mass index, low temperature, lead exposure, diet high in sodium, and high temperature were found to be the major risk factors for CKD. The study reveals that Nepal has a high and rising burden of CKD. Innovative strategies for prevention of CKD including health system preparedness for treatment services are required to respond to the rising burden of CKD. Public Library of Science 2023-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10355414/ /pubmed/37467235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001727 Text en © 2023 Pandey et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Pandey, Achyut Raj
Poudyal, Anil
Adhikari, Bikram
Shrestha, Niraj
Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
title Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
title_full Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
title_fullStr Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
title_full_unstemmed Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
title_short Burden of chronic kidney disease in Nepal: An analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
title_sort burden of chronic kidney disease in nepal: an analysis of the burden of disease from 1990 to 2019
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10355414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37467235
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001727
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