Muscle Specific Promotors for Gene Therapy – A Comparative Study in Proliferating and Differentiated Cells

BACKGROUND: Depending on the therapy approach and disease background, the heterogeneity of muscular tissues complicates the development of targeted gene therapy, where either expression in all muscle types or restriction to only one muscle type is warranted. Muscle specificity can be achieved using promotors mediating tissue specific and sustained physiological expression in the desired muscle types but limited activity in non-targeted tissue. Several muscle specific promotors have been described, but direct comparisons between them are lacking. OBJECTIVE: Here we present a direct comparison of muscle specific Desmin-, MHCK7, microRNA206- and Calpain3 promotor. METHODS: To directly compare these muscle specific promotors we utilized transfection of reporter plasmids using an in vitro model based on electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to provoke sarcomere formation in 2D cell culture for quantification of promotor activities in far differentiated mouse and human myotubes. RESULTS: We found that Desmin- and MHCK7 promotors showed stronger reporter gene expression levels in proliferating and differentiated myogenic cell lines than miR206 and CAPN3 promotor. However, Desmin and MHCK7 promotor promoted gene expression also cardiac cells whereas miR206 and CAPN3 promotor expression was restricted to skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provides direct comparison of muscle specific promotors with regard to expression strengths and specificity as this is important feature to avoid undesired transgene expression in non-target muscle cells for a desired therapy approach.