Expression Profiling of the Tripartite Motif Family Genes in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

[Image: see text] Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most prevalent pathogens which causes significant morbidity and mortality in 2% of the world’s population. Several interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) are involved in HCV clearance by interacting with the viral proteins. Among these ISGs, the tripartite motif (TRIM) family genes are elevated during HCV infection. This study aims to evaluate the expression of three TRIM family genes in chronic hepatitis C patients, distributed among different groups, including TRIM11, TRIM14, and TRIM25. A total of 242 participants were recruited in this study, including 182 infected patients, 37 naïve individuals, and 23 control individuals. Out of 182 infected patients, 100 achieved sustained virologic response (SVR), 61 achieved rapid virologic response (RVR), and 21 patients developed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), showing no response to the given treatments. Our results indicate highest expression levels of TRIM mRNA transcripts in the RVR group with the highest increase of 7.5 folds in TRIM25, 6.68 folds in TRIM14, followed by the data from patients of the SVR group. The elevation was also evident in other groups, i.e., SVR and HCC, in different patterns among all the three TRIM genes. In addition to elevation in expression levels, a linear correlation is observed between the TRIM mRNAs and viral loads of HCV. These results showed the potential role of TRIM family genes in HCV restriction.