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Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts
The objective of this research is to produce oil from the catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene (WPP) using a low-cost natural catalyst. Three natural catalysts were examined, i.e. Kaolin, Hematite, and white sand. Different catalyst-to-plastic ratios were examined, i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10359456/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37474551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37769-8 |
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author | Eldahshory, A. I. Emara, Karim Abd-Elhady, M. S. Ismail, M. A. |
author_facet | Eldahshory, A. I. Emara, Karim Abd-Elhady, M. S. Ismail, M. A. |
author_sort | Eldahshory, A. I. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The objective of this research is to produce oil from the catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene (WPP) using a low-cost natural catalyst. Three natural catalysts were examined, i.e. Kaolin, Hematite, and white sand. Different catalyst-to-plastic ratios were examined, i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8. The utilized catalysts were elementally analyzed using the XRF analysis and the surface area was analyzed by the BET multi-point method. The WPP thermal degradation behavior was investigated by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), then the generated liquid oil was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermal cracking without a catalyst produced a yield of 70 wt% of liquid oil, and the maximum oil yield in case of using Hematite and white sand as a catalysts were 70 wt% and 68 wt%, respectively. However, the ratio of 1:2 of the Kaolin to the WPP produced the highest oil yield of 80.75 wt%, and the ratio of 1:8 of the white sand to the WPP produced the highest gas yield, i.e. 44 wt%. Using Kaolin in the catalytic pyrolysis of WPP produced oil with the lowest percentage of heavy oils, i.e. 25.98%, and the highest percentage of light oils, which is 25.37%, when compared to other catalysts such as Hematite and white sand. Kaolin has the lowest cost of oil production compared to Hematite and white sand, which is 0.28 $/kg of oil. Kaolin is an economical catalyst that improves the quality, as well as the quantity of the produced oil in comparison to Hematite, white sand and the non-catalytic case. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10359456 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103594562023-07-22 Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts Eldahshory, A. I. Emara, Karim Abd-Elhady, M. S. Ismail, M. A. Sci Rep Article The objective of this research is to produce oil from the catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene (WPP) using a low-cost natural catalyst. Three natural catalysts were examined, i.e. Kaolin, Hematite, and white sand. Different catalyst-to-plastic ratios were examined, i.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8. The utilized catalysts were elementally analyzed using the XRF analysis and the surface area was analyzed by the BET multi-point method. The WPP thermal degradation behavior was investigated by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), then the generated liquid oil was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermal cracking without a catalyst produced a yield of 70 wt% of liquid oil, and the maximum oil yield in case of using Hematite and white sand as a catalysts were 70 wt% and 68 wt%, respectively. However, the ratio of 1:2 of the Kaolin to the WPP produced the highest oil yield of 80.75 wt%, and the ratio of 1:8 of the white sand to the WPP produced the highest gas yield, i.e. 44 wt%. Using Kaolin in the catalytic pyrolysis of WPP produced oil with the lowest percentage of heavy oils, i.e. 25.98%, and the highest percentage of light oils, which is 25.37%, when compared to other catalysts such as Hematite and white sand. Kaolin has the lowest cost of oil production compared to Hematite and white sand, which is 0.28 $/kg of oil. Kaolin is an economical catalyst that improves the quality, as well as the quantity of the produced oil in comparison to Hematite, white sand and the non-catalytic case. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10359456/ /pubmed/37474551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37769-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Eldahshory, A. I. Emara, Karim Abd-Elhady, M. S. Ismail, M. A. Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
title | Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
title_full | Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
title_fullStr | Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
title_full_unstemmed | Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
title_short | Catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
title_sort | catalytic pyrolysis of waste polypropylene using low-cost natural catalysts |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10359456/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37474551 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37769-8 |
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