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Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis

There have been few studies examining trajectories of functional decline among older adults in the United States using large representative databases. The purpose of this study was to describe the mean trajectory of functional decline for a representative sample of US older adults, to determine the...

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Autor principal: Dombrowsky, Thomas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10359954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37288523
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01939459231180365
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author Dombrowsky, Thomas
author_facet Dombrowsky, Thomas
author_sort Dombrowsky, Thomas
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description There have been few studies examining trajectories of functional decline among older adults in the United States using large representative databases. The purpose of this study was to describe the mean trajectory of functional decline for a representative sample of US older adults, to determine the optimal number of latent classes within that sample, and to identify key differences between the classes on select variables. Through the use of link functions, non-linear trajectories can be modeled. Three classes were identified and were named Rapid Decline, Late Decline, and High Baseline. The Late Decline Group was the most numerous and was characterized by low initial functional disability with a steep rise starting around age 85. The Rapid Decline Group also had low initial functional disability, but decline started around age 80. The High Baseline Group had high initial functional disability and less steep trajectory. Age and comorbidity were the most influential factors in functional decline. Race was statistically significant but the difference disappeared when controlling for other covariates. Sex did not significantly influence the trajectory. There were significant differences among the classes for mortality during study, initial age, initial functional status, and for several specific comorbidities: arthritis, diabetes, lung disease, and stroke.
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spelling pubmed-103599542023-07-22 Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis Dombrowsky, Thomas West J Nurs Res Research Reports There have been few studies examining trajectories of functional decline among older adults in the United States using large representative databases. The purpose of this study was to describe the mean trajectory of functional decline for a representative sample of US older adults, to determine the optimal number of latent classes within that sample, and to identify key differences between the classes on select variables. Through the use of link functions, non-linear trajectories can be modeled. Three classes were identified and were named Rapid Decline, Late Decline, and High Baseline. The Late Decline Group was the most numerous and was characterized by low initial functional disability with a steep rise starting around age 85. The Rapid Decline Group also had low initial functional disability, but decline started around age 80. The High Baseline Group had high initial functional disability and less steep trajectory. Age and comorbidity were the most influential factors in functional decline. Race was statistically significant but the difference disappeared when controlling for other covariates. Sex did not significantly influence the trajectory. There were significant differences among the classes for mortality during study, initial age, initial functional status, and for several specific comorbidities: arthritis, diabetes, lung disease, and stroke. SAGE Publications 2023-06-08 2023-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10359954/ /pubmed/37288523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01939459231180365 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Research Reports
Dombrowsky, Thomas
Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis
title Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis
title_full Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis
title_fullStr Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis
title_short Trajectories of Functional Decline in Older Adults: A Latent Class Growth Curve Analysis
title_sort trajectories of functional decline in older adults: a latent class growth curve analysis
topic Research Reports
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10359954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37288523
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01939459231180365
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