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Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia
Poor quality of irrigation water and soil are among the major factors determining maize productivity in Ethiopia. This study assessed and evaluated the quality of irrigation water and soil under maize production in Soke and Woybo irrigation schemes in Boloso Sore district, Ethiopia. Four water sampl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10361374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37484435 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17299 |
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author | Chinasho, Alefu Bedadi, Bobe Lemma, Tesfaye Tana, Tamado Hordofa, Tilahun Elias, Bisrat |
author_facet | Chinasho, Alefu Bedadi, Bobe Lemma, Tesfaye Tana, Tamado Hordofa, Tilahun Elias, Bisrat |
author_sort | Chinasho, Alefu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Poor quality of irrigation water and soil are among the major factors determining maize productivity in Ethiopia. This study assessed and evaluated the quality of irrigation water and soil under maize production in Soke and Woybo irrigation schemes in Boloso Sore district, Ethiopia. Four water samples per site per season were collected from the first point of the irrigation schemes and farm gate for dry and rainy seasons in 2019/2020. Soil samples of 108 were collected from 36 points, from which 18 composited samples were taken for laboratory analysis. Results show that irrigation water of the two schemes is non-saline (electrical conductivity <0.2 dS m(−1)) and in the normal pH range (6.5–7.5). Maximum concentration of cations in irrigation water was in the order of sodium (22.3 mg l(−1)) > potassium (7.3 mg l(−1)) > calcium (6.2 mg l(−1)) > magnesium (3.1 mg l(−1)). Moderate to severe sodicity (sodium adsorption ratio of 10.9) was also recorded. Sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate contents in water were trace, and increased during rainy seasons in downstream. Textural classes of soils are clay loam to clay, and less compact to restrict root penetration (bulk density ≤1.4 g cm(−3)), have slow infiltration rate (≤0.13 cm h(−1)), and medium level of total available water (≤178 mm m(−1)). Soils are strongly acidic to neutral (pH: 5–6.5), salt-free, and have low soil organic carbon (≤2.1%), low total nitrogen (≤0.1%), low available phosphorus and sulfur, and low Ca(2+): Mg(2+) ratio. It can be concluded that the irrigation water in the study area has cation imbalance (poor quality) which affects soil quality and maize productivity. Likewise, soils of the study area have poor quality. Lime application, efficient fertilizer use, and organic matter applications can be suggested. Further study on optimizing fertilizer rates and irrigation levels has to be conducted to improve maize productivity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10361374 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103613742023-07-22 Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia Chinasho, Alefu Bedadi, Bobe Lemma, Tesfaye Tana, Tamado Hordofa, Tilahun Elias, Bisrat Heliyon Research Article Poor quality of irrigation water and soil are among the major factors determining maize productivity in Ethiopia. This study assessed and evaluated the quality of irrigation water and soil under maize production in Soke and Woybo irrigation schemes in Boloso Sore district, Ethiopia. Four water samples per site per season were collected from the first point of the irrigation schemes and farm gate for dry and rainy seasons in 2019/2020. Soil samples of 108 were collected from 36 points, from which 18 composited samples were taken for laboratory analysis. Results show that irrigation water of the two schemes is non-saline (electrical conductivity <0.2 dS m(−1)) and in the normal pH range (6.5–7.5). Maximum concentration of cations in irrigation water was in the order of sodium (22.3 mg l(−1)) > potassium (7.3 mg l(−1)) > calcium (6.2 mg l(−1)) > magnesium (3.1 mg l(−1)). Moderate to severe sodicity (sodium adsorption ratio of 10.9) was also recorded. Sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate contents in water were trace, and increased during rainy seasons in downstream. Textural classes of soils are clay loam to clay, and less compact to restrict root penetration (bulk density ≤1.4 g cm(−3)), have slow infiltration rate (≤0.13 cm h(−1)), and medium level of total available water (≤178 mm m(−1)). Soils are strongly acidic to neutral (pH: 5–6.5), salt-free, and have low soil organic carbon (≤2.1%), low total nitrogen (≤0.1%), low available phosphorus and sulfur, and low Ca(2+): Mg(2+) ratio. It can be concluded that the irrigation water in the study area has cation imbalance (poor quality) which affects soil quality and maize productivity. Likewise, soils of the study area have poor quality. Lime application, efficient fertilizer use, and organic matter applications can be suggested. Further study on optimizing fertilizer rates and irrigation levels has to be conducted to improve maize productivity. Elsevier 2023-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10361374/ /pubmed/37484435 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17299 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Chinasho, Alefu Bedadi, Bobe Lemma, Tesfaye Tana, Tamado Hordofa, Tilahun Elias, Bisrat Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia |
title | Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia |
title_full | Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia |
title_fullStr | Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia |
title_full_unstemmed | Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia |
title_short | Quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (Zea mays L.) production in Boloso Sore district, southern Ethiopia |
title_sort | quality assessment and evaluation of irrigation water and soil used for maize (zea mays l.) production in boloso sore district, southern ethiopia |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10361374/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37484435 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17299 |
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