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Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security

Agriculture has supported human life from the beginning of civilization, despite a plethora of biotic (pests, pathogens) and abiotic (drought, cold) stressors being exerted on the global food demand. In the past 50 years, the enhanced understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms in plants has...

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Autores principales: Patel, Aayushi, Miles, Andrew, Strackhouse, Tara, Cook, Logan, Leng, Sining, Patel, Shrina, Klinger, Kelsey, Rudrabhatla, Sairam, Potlakayala, Shobha D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10361821/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37484652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2023.1171969
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author Patel, Aayushi
Miles, Andrew
Strackhouse, Tara
Cook, Logan
Leng, Sining
Patel, Shrina
Klinger, Kelsey
Rudrabhatla, Sairam
Potlakayala, Shobha D.
author_facet Patel, Aayushi
Miles, Andrew
Strackhouse, Tara
Cook, Logan
Leng, Sining
Patel, Shrina
Klinger, Kelsey
Rudrabhatla, Sairam
Potlakayala, Shobha D.
author_sort Patel, Aayushi
collection PubMed
description Agriculture has supported human life from the beginning of civilization, despite a plethora of biotic (pests, pathogens) and abiotic (drought, cold) stressors being exerted on the global food demand. In the past 50 years, the enhanced understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms in plants has led to novel innovations in biotechnology, resulting in the introduction of desired genes/traits through plant genetic engineering. Targeted genome editing technologies such as Zinc-Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) have emerged as powerful tools for crop improvement. This new CRISPR technology is proving to be an efficient and straightforward process with low cost. It possesses applicability across most plant species, targets multiple genes, and is being used to engineer plant metabolic pathways to create resistance to pathogens and abiotic stressors. These novel genome editing (GE) technologies are poised to meet the UN’s sustainable development goals of “zero hunger” and “good human health and wellbeing.” These technologies could be more efficient in developing transgenic crops and aid in speeding up the regulatory approvals and risk assessments conducted by the US Departments of Agriculture (USDA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
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spelling pubmed-103618212023-07-22 Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security Patel, Aayushi Miles, Andrew Strackhouse, Tara Cook, Logan Leng, Sining Patel, Shrina Klinger, Kelsey Rudrabhatla, Sairam Potlakayala, Shobha D. Front Genome Ed Genome Editing Agriculture has supported human life from the beginning of civilization, despite a plethora of biotic (pests, pathogens) and abiotic (drought, cold) stressors being exerted on the global food demand. In the past 50 years, the enhanced understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms in plants has led to novel innovations in biotechnology, resulting in the introduction of desired genes/traits through plant genetic engineering. Targeted genome editing technologies such as Zinc-Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) have emerged as powerful tools for crop improvement. This new CRISPR technology is proving to be an efficient and straightforward process with low cost. It possesses applicability across most plant species, targets multiple genes, and is being used to engineer plant metabolic pathways to create resistance to pathogens and abiotic stressors. These novel genome editing (GE) technologies are poised to meet the UN’s sustainable development goals of “zero hunger” and “good human health and wellbeing.” These technologies could be more efficient in developing transgenic crops and aid in speeding up the regulatory approvals and risk assessments conducted by the US Departments of Agriculture (USDA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10361821/ /pubmed/37484652 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2023.1171969 Text en Copyright © 2023 Patel, Miles, Strackhouse, Cook, Leng, Patel, Klinger, Rudrabhatla and Potlakayala. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genome Editing
Patel, Aayushi
Miles, Andrew
Strackhouse, Tara
Cook, Logan
Leng, Sining
Patel, Shrina
Klinger, Kelsey
Rudrabhatla, Sairam
Potlakayala, Shobha D.
Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
title Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
title_full Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
title_fullStr Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
title_full_unstemmed Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
title_short Methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
title_sort methods of crop improvement and applications towards fortifying food security
topic Genome Editing
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10361821/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37484652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgeed.2023.1171969
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