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Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults

OBJECTIVES: Protective heterologous beneficial effects of vaccines have been reported, and in this study we aimed to assess the impact of routine pneumococcal and influenza vaccination on the incidence and symptom duration of COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults. METHODS: This cohort study...

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Autores principales: Taks, Esther J.M., Föhse, Konstantin, J.C.F.M. Moorlag, Simone, Hoogerwerf, Jacobien, van Crevel, Reinout, van Werkhoven, Cornelis H., Netea, Mihai G., ten Oever, Jaap
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10362126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37484869
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100344
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author Taks, Esther J.M.
Föhse, Konstantin
J.C.F.M. Moorlag, Simone
Hoogerwerf, Jacobien
van Crevel, Reinout
van Werkhoven, Cornelis H.
Netea, Mihai G.
ten Oever, Jaap
author_facet Taks, Esther J.M.
Föhse, Konstantin
J.C.F.M. Moorlag, Simone
Hoogerwerf, Jacobien
van Crevel, Reinout
van Werkhoven, Cornelis H.
Netea, Mihai G.
ten Oever, Jaap
author_sort Taks, Esther J.M.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Protective heterologous beneficial effects of vaccines have been reported, and in this study we aimed to assess the impact of routine pneumococcal and influenza vaccination on the incidence and symptom duration of COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults. METHODS: This cohort study is a secondary analysis of the BCG-CORONA-ELDERLY study, a randomised controlled trial on the effect of BCG vaccination on the cumulative incidence of respiratory tract infections requiring medical intervention in adults ≥60 years. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of a self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, and was assessed using a Fine-Gray competing risks model adjusted for baseline characteristics at enrolment. We analysed data from November 1st 2020 until the end of the main study in May 2021. RESULTS: Routine vaccination data 2020/2021 were available for 1963/2014 (97.5 %) participants; 44/1963 (2.2 %) were excluded due to COVID-19 before vaccination. 1076/1919 (56.1 %) had received the influenza vaccine and 289/1919 (15.1 %) the pneumococcal vaccine. The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was 0.030 (95 %CI 0.021–0.041) in those vaccinated against influenza compared to 0.029 (95 %CI 0.019–0.041) in the unvaccinated group (subdistribution hazard ratio (SDHR) 1.018; 95 %CI 0.602–1.721). For pneumococcal vaccination the cumulative incidence was 0.031 (95 %CI 0.015–0.056) for the vaccinated and 0.029 (95 %CI 0.022–0.038) for non-vaccinated individuals (SDHR 0.961; 95 %CI 0.443–2.085). BCG vaccination in the previous year and sex were not significant effect modifiers in the primary analysis. Duration of fever, cough and dyspnoea was also not significantly different between treatment arms. CONCLUSION: Neither influenza nor pneumococcal vaccination was associated with a lower incidence or shorter duration of COVID-19 symptoms in older adults.
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spelling pubmed-103621262023-07-23 Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults Taks, Esther J.M. Föhse, Konstantin J.C.F.M. Moorlag, Simone Hoogerwerf, Jacobien van Crevel, Reinout van Werkhoven, Cornelis H. Netea, Mihai G. ten Oever, Jaap Vaccine X Regular paper OBJECTIVES: Protective heterologous beneficial effects of vaccines have been reported, and in this study we aimed to assess the impact of routine pneumococcal and influenza vaccination on the incidence and symptom duration of COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults. METHODS: This cohort study is a secondary analysis of the BCG-CORONA-ELDERLY study, a randomised controlled trial on the effect of BCG vaccination on the cumulative incidence of respiratory tract infections requiring medical intervention in adults ≥60 years. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of a self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test, and was assessed using a Fine-Gray competing risks model adjusted for baseline characteristics at enrolment. We analysed data from November 1st 2020 until the end of the main study in May 2021. RESULTS: Routine vaccination data 2020/2021 were available for 1963/2014 (97.5 %) participants; 44/1963 (2.2 %) were excluded due to COVID-19 before vaccination. 1076/1919 (56.1 %) had received the influenza vaccine and 289/1919 (15.1 %) the pneumococcal vaccine. The cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was 0.030 (95 %CI 0.021–0.041) in those vaccinated against influenza compared to 0.029 (95 %CI 0.019–0.041) in the unvaccinated group (subdistribution hazard ratio (SDHR) 1.018; 95 %CI 0.602–1.721). For pneumococcal vaccination the cumulative incidence was 0.031 (95 %CI 0.015–0.056) for the vaccinated and 0.029 (95 %CI 0.022–0.038) for non-vaccinated individuals (SDHR 0.961; 95 %CI 0.443–2.085). BCG vaccination in the previous year and sex were not significant effect modifiers in the primary analysis. Duration of fever, cough and dyspnoea was also not significantly different between treatment arms. CONCLUSION: Neither influenza nor pneumococcal vaccination was associated with a lower incidence or shorter duration of COVID-19 symptoms in older adults. Elsevier 2023-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10362126/ /pubmed/37484869 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100344 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular paper
Taks, Esther J.M.
Föhse, Konstantin
J.C.F.M. Moorlag, Simone
Hoogerwerf, Jacobien
van Crevel, Reinout
van Werkhoven, Cornelis H.
Netea, Mihai G.
ten Oever, Jaap
Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults
title Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults
title_full Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults
title_fullStr Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults
title_full_unstemmed Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults
title_short Routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on COVID-19 in a population of Dutch older adults
title_sort routine vaccination for influenza and pneumococcal disease and its effect on covid-19 in a population of dutch older adults
topic Regular paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10362126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37484869
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100344
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