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Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures

BACKGROUND: Tibial stress fracture is a debilitating musculoskeletal injury that diminishes the physical performance of individuals who engage in high-volume running, including Service members during basic combat training (BCT) and recreational athletes. While several studies have shown that reducin...

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Autores principales: Sundaramurthy, Aravind, Tong, Junfei, Subramani, Adhitya V., Kote, Vivek, Baggaley, Michael, Edwards, W. Brent, Reifman, Jaques
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37488528
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06733-y
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author Sundaramurthy, Aravind
Tong, Junfei
Subramani, Adhitya V.
Kote, Vivek
Baggaley, Michael
Edwards, W. Brent
Reifman, Jaques
author_facet Sundaramurthy, Aravind
Tong, Junfei
Subramani, Adhitya V.
Kote, Vivek
Baggaley, Michael
Edwards, W. Brent
Reifman, Jaques
author_sort Sundaramurthy, Aravind
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Tibial stress fracture is a debilitating musculoskeletal injury that diminishes the physical performance of individuals who engage in high-volume running, including Service members during basic combat training (BCT) and recreational athletes. While several studies have shown that reducing stride length decreases musculoskeletal loads and the potential risk of tibial injury, we do not know whether stride-length reduction affects individuals of varying stature differently. METHODS: We investigated the effects of reducing the running stride length on the biomechanics of the lower extremity of young, healthy women of different statures. Using individualized musculoskeletal and finite-element models of women of short (N = 6), medium (N = 7), and tall (N = 7) statures, we computed the joint kinematics and kinetics at the lower extremity and tibial strain for each participant as they ran on a treadmill at 3.0 m/s with their preferred stride length and with a stride length reduced by 10%. Using a probabilistic model, we estimated the stress-fracture risk for running regimens representative of U.S. Army Soldiers during BCT and recreational athletes training for a marathon. RESULTS: When study participants reduced their stride length by 10%, the joint kinetics, kinematics, tibial strain, and stress-fracture risk were not significantly different among the three stature groups. Compared to the preferred stride length, a 10% reduction in stride length significantly decreased peak hip (p = 0.002) and knee (p < 0.001) flexion angles during the stance phase. In addition, it significantly decreased the peak hip adduction (p = 0.013), hip internal rotation (p = 0.004), knee extension (p = 0.012), and ankle plantar flexion (p = 0.026) moments, as well as the hip, knee, and ankle joint reaction forces (p < 0.001) and tibial strain (p < 0.001). Finally, for the simulated regimens, reducing the stride length decreased the relative risk of stress fracture by as much as 96%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that reducing stride length by 10% decreases musculoskeletal loads, tibial strain, and stress-fracture risk, regardless of stature. We also observed large between-subject variability, which supports the development of individualized training strategies to decrease the incidence of stress fracture.
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spelling pubmed-103643512023-07-25 Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures Sundaramurthy, Aravind Tong, Junfei Subramani, Adhitya V. Kote, Vivek Baggaley, Michael Edwards, W. Brent Reifman, Jaques BMC Musculoskelet Disord Research BACKGROUND: Tibial stress fracture is a debilitating musculoskeletal injury that diminishes the physical performance of individuals who engage in high-volume running, including Service members during basic combat training (BCT) and recreational athletes. While several studies have shown that reducing stride length decreases musculoskeletal loads and the potential risk of tibial injury, we do not know whether stride-length reduction affects individuals of varying stature differently. METHODS: We investigated the effects of reducing the running stride length on the biomechanics of the lower extremity of young, healthy women of different statures. Using individualized musculoskeletal and finite-element models of women of short (N = 6), medium (N = 7), and tall (N = 7) statures, we computed the joint kinematics and kinetics at the lower extremity and tibial strain for each participant as they ran on a treadmill at 3.0 m/s with their preferred stride length and with a stride length reduced by 10%. Using a probabilistic model, we estimated the stress-fracture risk for running regimens representative of U.S. Army Soldiers during BCT and recreational athletes training for a marathon. RESULTS: When study participants reduced their stride length by 10%, the joint kinetics, kinematics, tibial strain, and stress-fracture risk were not significantly different among the three stature groups. Compared to the preferred stride length, a 10% reduction in stride length significantly decreased peak hip (p = 0.002) and knee (p < 0.001) flexion angles during the stance phase. In addition, it significantly decreased the peak hip adduction (p = 0.013), hip internal rotation (p = 0.004), knee extension (p = 0.012), and ankle plantar flexion (p = 0.026) moments, as well as the hip, knee, and ankle joint reaction forces (p < 0.001) and tibial strain (p < 0.001). Finally, for the simulated regimens, reducing the stride length decreased the relative risk of stress fracture by as much as 96%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that reducing stride length by 10% decreases musculoskeletal loads, tibial strain, and stress-fracture risk, regardless of stature. We also observed large between-subject variability, which supports the development of individualized training strategies to decrease the incidence of stress fracture. BioMed Central 2023-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10364351/ /pubmed/37488528 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06733-y Text en © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Sundaramurthy, Aravind
Tong, Junfei
Subramani, Adhitya V.
Kote, Vivek
Baggaley, Michael
Edwards, W. Brent
Reifman, Jaques
Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
title Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
title_full Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
title_fullStr Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
title_full_unstemmed Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
title_short Effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
title_sort effect of stride length on the running biomechanics of healthy women of different statures
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364351/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37488528
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06733-y
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