Cargando…
Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation
Cervical vagus nerve stimulation is in a great variety of clinical situations indicated as a form of treatment. It is textbook knowledge that at the cervical level the vagus nerve contains many different fiber classes. Yet, recently, several reports have shown that this nerve also may contain an add...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364449/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492698 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2023.1205660 |
_version_ | 1785076849025482752 |
---|---|
author | Ruigrok, Tom J. H. Mantel, Sophia A. Orlandini, Lara de Knegt, Corné Vincent, Arnaud J. P. E. Spoor, Jochem K. H. |
author_facet | Ruigrok, Tom J. H. Mantel, Sophia A. Orlandini, Lara de Knegt, Corné Vincent, Arnaud J. P. E. Spoor, Jochem K. H. |
author_sort | Ruigrok, Tom J. H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cervical vagus nerve stimulation is in a great variety of clinical situations indicated as a form of treatment. It is textbook knowledge that at the cervical level the vagus nerve contains many different fiber classes. Yet, recently, several reports have shown that this nerve also may contain an additional class of potentially noradrenergic fibers, suggested to denote efferent sympathetic fibers. As such, the nature and presence of these fibers should be considered when choosing a stimulation protocol. We have studied human vagus material extracted from dissection room cadavers in order to further confirm the presence of this class of fibers, to study their origin and direction within the nerve and to determine their distribution and variability between subjects and pairs of left and right nerves of the same individual. Sections were studied with immunohistochemical techniques using antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH: presumed to indicate noradrenergic fibers), myelin basic protein and neurofilament. Our results show that at least part of the TH-positive fibers derive from the superior cervical ganglion or sympathetic trunk, do not follow a cranial but take a peripheral course through the nerve. The portion of TH-positive fibers is highly variable between individuals but also between the left and right pairs of the same individual. TH-positive fibers can distribute and wander throughout the fascicles but maintain a generally clustered appearance. The fraction of TH-positive fibers generally diminishes in the left cervical vagus nerve when moving in a caudal direction but remains more constant in the right nerve. These results may help to determine optimal stimulation parameters for cervical vagus stimulation in clinical settings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10364449 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103644492023-07-25 Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation Ruigrok, Tom J. H. Mantel, Sophia A. Orlandini, Lara de Knegt, Corné Vincent, Arnaud J. P. E. Spoor, Jochem K. H. Front Neuroanat Neuroanatomy Cervical vagus nerve stimulation is in a great variety of clinical situations indicated as a form of treatment. It is textbook knowledge that at the cervical level the vagus nerve contains many different fiber classes. Yet, recently, several reports have shown that this nerve also may contain an additional class of potentially noradrenergic fibers, suggested to denote efferent sympathetic fibers. As such, the nature and presence of these fibers should be considered when choosing a stimulation protocol. We have studied human vagus material extracted from dissection room cadavers in order to further confirm the presence of this class of fibers, to study their origin and direction within the nerve and to determine their distribution and variability between subjects and pairs of left and right nerves of the same individual. Sections were studied with immunohistochemical techniques using antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH: presumed to indicate noradrenergic fibers), myelin basic protein and neurofilament. Our results show that at least part of the TH-positive fibers derive from the superior cervical ganglion or sympathetic trunk, do not follow a cranial but take a peripheral course through the nerve. The portion of TH-positive fibers is highly variable between individuals but also between the left and right pairs of the same individual. TH-positive fibers can distribute and wander throughout the fascicles but maintain a generally clustered appearance. The fraction of TH-positive fibers generally diminishes in the left cervical vagus nerve when moving in a caudal direction but remains more constant in the right nerve. These results may help to determine optimal stimulation parameters for cervical vagus stimulation in clinical settings. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10364449/ /pubmed/37492698 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2023.1205660 Text en Copyright © 2023 Ruigrok, Mantel, Orlandini, de Knegt, Vincent and Spoor. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroanatomy Ruigrok, Tom J. H. Mantel, Sophia A. Orlandini, Lara de Knegt, Corné Vincent, Arnaud J. P. E. Spoor, Jochem K. H. Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
title | Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
title_full | Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
title_fullStr | Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
title_short | Sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
title_sort | sympathetic components in left and right human cervical vagus nerve: implications for vagus nerve stimulation |
topic | Neuroanatomy |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10364449/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492698 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2023.1205660 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ruigroktomjh sympatheticcomponentsinleftandrighthumancervicalvagusnerveimplicationsforvagusnervestimulation AT mantelsophiaa sympatheticcomponentsinleftandrighthumancervicalvagusnerveimplicationsforvagusnervestimulation AT orlandinilara sympatheticcomponentsinleftandrighthumancervicalvagusnerveimplicationsforvagusnervestimulation AT deknegtcorne sympatheticcomponentsinleftandrighthumancervicalvagusnerveimplicationsforvagusnervestimulation AT vincentarnaudjpe sympatheticcomponentsinleftandrighthumancervicalvagusnerveimplicationsforvagusnervestimulation AT spoorjochemkh sympatheticcomponentsinleftandrighthumancervicalvagusnerveimplicationsforvagusnervestimulation |