Evaluation of serum and tissue levels of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein in non-segmental Vitiligo

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. It has been established that the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), a member of the family of cold-shock proteins that respond to stress, is a DAMP molecule that promotes inflammation. The objective was to evaluate the serum and tissue CIRP expression in non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) patients. A sample of 40 participants, 20 NSV patients and 20 control groups of age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in this case–control study where the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used in detecting the serum and tissue CIRP levels in participants. The serum and tissue CIRP levels significantly increased in NSV patients compared with the healthy controls, (165.35 ± 24.42, 226.29 ± 24.00 versus 59.81 ± 12.10, 105.86 ± 11.27 pg/ml, respectively) (P < 0.01). Serum and tissue CIRP are significantly correlated with each other (r = 0.641, P = 0.002). Except for a statistically significant positive correlation between CIRP tissue level and VASI (r = 0.539, P = 0.014), the CIRP Serum and tissue did not show any statistically significant correlations with different clinical parameters in patients. ROC curve shows that the cut-off point for serum and tissue CIRP level to differentiate between patients and controls was 86.5, 124.3 pg/ml, respectively, with 100.0% sensitivity, 100.0% specificity and 1.000 AUC for each of them. It is concluded that CIRP may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of NSV and could be used as a marker for vitiligo and its extent with the need for further large-scale study.