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Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report

Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a rare condition characterized by diffuse arterial calcification within the internal elastic lamina associated with intimal proliferation leading to stenosis of great and medium-sized vessels, which causes end-organ damage and loss of life duri...

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Autores principales: Hailu, Samuel Sisay, Derbew, Hermon Miliard, Hailemeriam, Tesfahunegn
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10369390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37502478
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radcr.2023.07.019
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author Hailu, Samuel Sisay
Derbew, Hermon Miliard
Hailemeriam, Tesfahunegn
author_facet Hailu, Samuel Sisay
Derbew, Hermon Miliard
Hailemeriam, Tesfahunegn
author_sort Hailu, Samuel Sisay
collection PubMed
description Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a rare condition characterized by diffuse arterial calcification within the internal elastic lamina associated with intimal proliferation leading to stenosis of great and medium-sized vessels, which causes end-organ damage and loss of life during infancy. The clinical presentation of acute renal failure with normal cardiac function is rare. A 7-day-old female neonate was admitted with a clinical impression of late-onset neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and acute kidney injury after developing a high-grade fever, abnormal body movements, and vomiting of the ingested matter associated with decreased urinary output. On laboratory tests, she had abnormal urea and creatinine levels, multiple electrolyte abnormalities, and a negative septic workup. Ultrasonography revealed diffuse arterial calcification that also involved the renal arteries and renal parenchyma bilaterally. She was clinically diagnosed with GACI and initiated on supportive care including renal replacement therapy. However, she died at the age of 42 days. This case highlights that GACI can present as unexplained acute kidney injury associated with generalized arterial calcification. Ultrasound can be optimized to aid in diagnosis in resource-limited settings.
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spelling pubmed-103693902023-07-27 Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report Hailu, Samuel Sisay Derbew, Hermon Miliard Hailemeriam, Tesfahunegn Radiol Case Rep Case Report Generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is a rare condition characterized by diffuse arterial calcification within the internal elastic lamina associated with intimal proliferation leading to stenosis of great and medium-sized vessels, which causes end-organ damage and loss of life during infancy. The clinical presentation of acute renal failure with normal cardiac function is rare. A 7-day-old female neonate was admitted with a clinical impression of late-onset neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and acute kidney injury after developing a high-grade fever, abnormal body movements, and vomiting of the ingested matter associated with decreased urinary output. On laboratory tests, she had abnormal urea and creatinine levels, multiple electrolyte abnormalities, and a negative septic workup. Ultrasonography revealed diffuse arterial calcification that also involved the renal arteries and renal parenchyma bilaterally. She was clinically diagnosed with GACI and initiated on supportive care including renal replacement therapy. However, she died at the age of 42 days. This case highlights that GACI can present as unexplained acute kidney injury associated with generalized arterial calcification. Ultrasound can be optimized to aid in diagnosis in resource-limited settings. Elsevier 2023-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10369390/ /pubmed/37502478 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radcr.2023.07.019 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Hailu, Samuel Sisay
Derbew, Hermon Miliard
Hailemeriam, Tesfahunegn
Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report
title Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report
title_full Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report
title_fullStr Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report
title_full_unstemmed Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report
title_short Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report
title_sort generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: a rare case report
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10369390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37502478
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radcr.2023.07.019
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