Cargando…

Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population

PURPOSE: To report the normative ocular and periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian cohort and investigate how these may be affected age, gender, and ethnicity. METHODS: Prospective study of patients presenting to the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Patient with orbital or eyelid disease, p...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rana, Khizar, Beecher, Mark B., Caltabiano, Carmelo, Zhao, Yang, Verjans, Johan, Selva, Dinesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10371930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36869978
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-023-02669-3
_version_ 1785078257688772608
author Rana, Khizar
Beecher, Mark B.
Caltabiano, Carmelo
Zhao, Yang
Verjans, Johan
Selva, Dinesh
author_facet Rana, Khizar
Beecher, Mark B.
Caltabiano, Carmelo
Zhao, Yang
Verjans, Johan
Selva, Dinesh
author_sort Rana, Khizar
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To report the normative ocular and periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian cohort and investigate how these may be affected age, gender, and ethnicity. METHODS: Prospective study of patients presenting to the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Patient with orbital or eyelid disease, previous surgery, craniofacial abnormalities, pupil abnormalities, strabismus, and poor image quality was excluded. Standardised photographs were taken in a well-illuminated room. A green dot with a diameter of 24 mm was placed on the participant’s foreheads for calibration between pixels and millimetres. Ocular and periocular landmarks were segmented to calculate the periorbital measurements. Independent sample t test was used to compare male and female subjects, Pearson’s correlation was used to correlate periocular dimensions with age, and ANOVA with Bonferroni was used to compare periocular dimension between ethnic groups. RESULTS: Seven hundred and sixty eyes from 380 participants (215 female, mean age 58 ± 18 years) were included. The mean marginal reflex distance (MRD) 1 was 3.5 mm and decreased with increasing age (r =  − 0.09, p = 0.01) and MRD 2 was 5.2 mm. Compared to Caucasians, African subjects had a significantly larger interpupillary distance and outer intercanthal distance, whereas East Asians had a significantly larger inner intercanthal distance (p < 0.05). The values of marginal reflex distance 2, palpebral fissure height, horizontal palpebral aperture, inner intercanthal distance, interpupillary distance and outer intercanthal distance were significantly higher in male subjects than female subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Normative periocular dimensions may vary according to age, gender, and ethnicity. An understanding of normal periocular dimensions is important in the evaluation of orbital disease across different ethnic groups and may serve as reference points for oculoplastic surgery and industry.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10371930
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Springer Netherlands
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-103719302023-07-28 Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population Rana, Khizar Beecher, Mark B. Caltabiano, Carmelo Zhao, Yang Verjans, Johan Selva, Dinesh Int Ophthalmol Original Paper PURPOSE: To report the normative ocular and periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian cohort and investigate how these may be affected age, gender, and ethnicity. METHODS: Prospective study of patients presenting to the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Patient with orbital or eyelid disease, previous surgery, craniofacial abnormalities, pupil abnormalities, strabismus, and poor image quality was excluded. Standardised photographs were taken in a well-illuminated room. A green dot with a diameter of 24 mm was placed on the participant’s foreheads for calibration between pixels and millimetres. Ocular and periocular landmarks were segmented to calculate the periorbital measurements. Independent sample t test was used to compare male and female subjects, Pearson’s correlation was used to correlate periocular dimensions with age, and ANOVA with Bonferroni was used to compare periocular dimension between ethnic groups. RESULTS: Seven hundred and sixty eyes from 380 participants (215 female, mean age 58 ± 18 years) were included. The mean marginal reflex distance (MRD) 1 was 3.5 mm and decreased with increasing age (r =  − 0.09, p = 0.01) and MRD 2 was 5.2 mm. Compared to Caucasians, African subjects had a significantly larger interpupillary distance and outer intercanthal distance, whereas East Asians had a significantly larger inner intercanthal distance (p < 0.05). The values of marginal reflex distance 2, palpebral fissure height, horizontal palpebral aperture, inner intercanthal distance, interpupillary distance and outer intercanthal distance were significantly higher in male subjects than female subjects (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Normative periocular dimensions may vary according to age, gender, and ethnicity. An understanding of normal periocular dimensions is important in the evaluation of orbital disease across different ethnic groups and may serve as reference points for oculoplastic surgery and industry. Springer Netherlands 2023-03-04 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10371930/ /pubmed/36869978 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-023-02669-3 Text en © Crown 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Paper
Rana, Khizar
Beecher, Mark B.
Caltabiano, Carmelo
Zhao, Yang
Verjans, Johan
Selva, Dinesh
Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population
title Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population
title_full Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population
title_fullStr Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population
title_full_unstemmed Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population
title_short Normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an Australian population
title_sort normal periocular anthropometric measurements in an australian population
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10371930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36869978
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-023-02669-3
work_keys_str_mv AT ranakhizar normalperiocularanthropometricmeasurementsinanaustralianpopulation
AT beechermarkb normalperiocularanthropometricmeasurementsinanaustralianpopulation
AT caltabianocarmelo normalperiocularanthropometricmeasurementsinanaustralianpopulation
AT zhaoyang normalperiocularanthropometricmeasurementsinanaustralianpopulation
AT verjansjohan normalperiocularanthropometricmeasurementsinanaustralianpopulation
AT selvadinesh normalperiocularanthropometricmeasurementsinanaustralianpopulation