Isolated extra-sinus subcutaneous mucocele: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Paranasal sinus mucoceles are epithelialized cystic masses formed through the accumulation of sterile mucus. Mucoceles are expansile lesions, and their symptoms change according to their extension into the surrounding structures: anteriorly to the subcutaneous tissue, laterally to the orbit, or posteriorly to the cranium. Herein, we report the case of a pediatric patient with an isolated subcutaneous mucocele with no sinus connection. PRESENTATION OF CASE: Physical examination revealed a non-tender fluctuating round mass approximately 4 cm in diameter in the right supraorbital region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested a mucocele, and the diagnosis was confirmed via histopathological examinations postoperatively. The patient underwent a combined surgical approach that included an endoscopic transseptal approach to the frontal sinus with a right sub-brow incision and drain placement. The right frontal sinus was opened, and the mucocele was marsupialized. At the 3-month follow-up visit, the frontal sinus neo-ostium appeared patent on endoscopic examination, and the frontal sinuses were clear on imaging. DISCUSSION: The optimal treatment for frontal mucoceles is marsupialization and adequate sinus drainage. As the patient had an isolated subcutaneous extra-sinus mucocele above the orbit, a combined approach was used to ensure thorough removal of the lesion to reduce the recurrence rate. CONCLUSION: This report emphasizes the importance of using a combined approach for the removal of lesions and limiting the potential risk of recurrence in similar cases.