Cargando…
Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up
BACKGROUND: Research on the impacts of exposure to workplace harassment (WH) is largely cross-sectional, and existing prospective studies generally are between two and five years of follow-up, with the longest US study being 10 years. However, the effects of exposure to WH may persist longer, partic...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10373226/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37495970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16219-0 |
_version_ | 1785078520896028672 |
---|---|
author | Rospenda, Kathleen M. Richman, Judith A. McGinley, Meredith Moilanen, Kristin L. Lin, Tracy Johnson, Timothy P. Cloninger, Lea Shannon, Candice A. Hopkins, Thomas |
author_facet | Rospenda, Kathleen M. Richman, Judith A. McGinley, Meredith Moilanen, Kristin L. Lin, Tracy Johnson, Timothy P. Cloninger, Lea Shannon, Candice A. Hopkins, Thomas |
author_sort | Rospenda, Kathleen M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Research on the impacts of exposure to workplace harassment (WH) is largely cross-sectional, and existing prospective studies generally are between two and five years of follow-up, with the longest US study being 10 years. However, the effects of exposure to WH may persist longer, particularly if exposure has been chronic. This study fills this gap by examining effects of prior exposure to chronic sexual and generalized WH on psychological distress and alcohol misuse over an approximately 25 year study period. METHODS: Individuals originally recruited from a university-employed sample in the United States were surveyed at 8 time points from 1996–2007 and again in 2020–2021. A series of hybrid path analyses were tested on a sample of 2352 individuals, regressing recent outcomes on latent classes of harassment derived from earlier survey waves, controlling baseline outcomes and demographics. Model fit was assessed using a variety of fit statistics, and standardized regression coefficients were used to assess significance of individual pathways. RESULTS: Prior exposure to chronic sexual harassment had significant direct associations with psychological distress, alcohol misuse, and recent stressors at follow-up. Prior exposure to chronic generalized harassment had significant direct associations with lower income and alcohol misuse. Both forms of WH were significantly indirectly associated with psychological distress through recent stressors at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to chronic WH is associated with long-term effects on psychological distress and alcohol misuse in a sample representing a wide variety of job types and racial/ethnic identities. Enforcement of anti-sexual harassment law and policies and enactment of policies and laws to prevent generalized harassment/workplace bullying are imperative for the protection of worker health. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16219-0. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10373226 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103732262023-07-28 Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up Rospenda, Kathleen M. Richman, Judith A. McGinley, Meredith Moilanen, Kristin L. Lin, Tracy Johnson, Timothy P. Cloninger, Lea Shannon, Candice A. Hopkins, Thomas BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Research on the impacts of exposure to workplace harassment (WH) is largely cross-sectional, and existing prospective studies generally are between two and five years of follow-up, with the longest US study being 10 years. However, the effects of exposure to WH may persist longer, particularly if exposure has been chronic. This study fills this gap by examining effects of prior exposure to chronic sexual and generalized WH on psychological distress and alcohol misuse over an approximately 25 year study period. METHODS: Individuals originally recruited from a university-employed sample in the United States were surveyed at 8 time points from 1996–2007 and again in 2020–2021. A series of hybrid path analyses were tested on a sample of 2352 individuals, regressing recent outcomes on latent classes of harassment derived from earlier survey waves, controlling baseline outcomes and demographics. Model fit was assessed using a variety of fit statistics, and standardized regression coefficients were used to assess significance of individual pathways. RESULTS: Prior exposure to chronic sexual harassment had significant direct associations with psychological distress, alcohol misuse, and recent stressors at follow-up. Prior exposure to chronic generalized harassment had significant direct associations with lower income and alcohol misuse. Both forms of WH were significantly indirectly associated with psychological distress through recent stressors at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to chronic WH is associated with long-term effects on psychological distress and alcohol misuse in a sample representing a wide variety of job types and racial/ethnic identities. Enforcement of anti-sexual harassment law and policies and enactment of policies and laws to prevent generalized harassment/workplace bullying are imperative for the protection of worker health. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16219-0. BioMed Central 2023-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10373226/ /pubmed/37495970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16219-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Rospenda, Kathleen M. Richman, Judith A. McGinley, Meredith Moilanen, Kristin L. Lin, Tracy Johnson, Timothy P. Cloninger, Lea Shannon, Candice A. Hopkins, Thomas Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
title | Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
title_full | Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
title_fullStr | Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
title_short | Effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
title_sort | effects of chronic workplace harassment on mental health and alcohol misuse: a long-term follow-up |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10373226/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37495970 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16219-0 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT rospendakathleenm effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT richmanjuditha effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT mcginleymeredith effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT moilanenkristinl effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT lintracy effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT johnsontimothyp effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT cloningerlea effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT shannoncandicea effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup AT hopkinsthomas effectsofchronicworkplaceharassmentonmentalhealthandalcoholmisusealongtermfollowup |