The Prevalence and Awareness of Dietary Supplement Use Among Saudi Women Visiting Fitness Centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background Dietary supplements are used for a variety of reasons, some of which are for medical conditions, to compensate for dietary insufficiency, to improve physical performance, and to boost immunity. Generally, individuals who visit sports facilities seek different benefits; it could be for health and well-being, to achieve the desired body shape, for enjoyment purposes, or as a way to socialize. To help achieve some of these goals, dietary supplements can be taken. Aims This study is designed to assess the prevalence and awareness of dietary supplement use among Saudi women who frequent fitness centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2021 among Saudi women who visited gyms in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The sample consisted of 355 participants, all of whom were women from Saudi Arabia. The statistical analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 21.0 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Necessary statistical tests such as the chi-square, the t-test, and other appropriate tests were used. A p-value of less than 0.05 has been adopted for statistical significance. Results The majority of the 355 female participants consumed dietary supplements (68.7%). The most commonly used supplements were vitamins (82.8%), amino acids and proteins (30.3%), minerals (22.1%), and fatty acids (3.3%). In the study group, 53.3% of those who were using or used supplements had previous knowledge; 13.1% were up-to-date; and 33.6% weren’t. No relationship was found between supplement use and educational level, weight, body mass index (BMI), or marital status. Conclusion Dietary supplement use is common among women who visited gyms in Saudi Arabia. Vitamins were the most commonly used supplements, which suggests that users were more concerned about general health and diet deficiencies than anything else. The participants use dietary supplements cautiously; the majority consume dietary supplements under a doctor’s prescription and after reading the leaflets.