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Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii

Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of biofilm-associated infections, particularly catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) that are mostly recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. One approach to reducing the burden of CRBSIs is inhibiting biofilm formation on catheters. Owing to their...

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Autores principales: Amer, Mai A., Wasfi, Reham, Hamed, Samira M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10373939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37520441
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1210195
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author Amer, Mai A.
Wasfi, Reham
Hamed, Samira M.
author_facet Amer, Mai A.
Wasfi, Reham
Hamed, Samira M.
author_sort Amer, Mai A.
collection PubMed
description Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of biofilm-associated infections, particularly catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) that are mostly recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. One approach to reducing the burden of CRBSIs is inhibiting biofilm formation on catheters. Owing to their prodigious microbial diversity, bacterial endophytes might be a valuable source of biosurfactants, which are known for their great capacity to disperse microbial biofilms. With this in mind, our study aimed to screen bacterial endophytes from plants growing on the banks of the River Nile for the production of powerful biosurfactants capable of reducing the ability of A. baumannii to form biofilms on central venous catheters (CVCs). This was tested on multidrug- and extensive drug-resistant (M/XDR) clinical isolates of A. baumannii that belong to high-risk global clones and on a standard strain of A. baumannii ATCC 19606. The drop collapse and oil dispersion assays were employed in screening the cell-free supernatants (CFS) of all endophytes for biosurfactant activity. Of the 44 bacterial endophytes recovered from 10 plants, the CFS of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Cp24, isolated from Cyperus papyrus, showed the highest biosurfactant activity. The crude biosurfactant extract of Cp24 showed potent antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.78 to 1.56 mg/ml. It also showed significant antibiofilm activity (p-value<0.01). Sub-MICs of the extract could reduce biofilm formation by up to 89.59%, while up to 87.3% of the preformed biofilms were eradicated by the MIC. A significant reduction in biofilm formation on CVCs impregnated with sub-MIC of the extract was demonstrated by CV assay and further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. This was associated with three log(10) reductions in adhered bacteria in the viable count assay. GC-MS analysis of the crude biosurfactant extract revealed the presence of several compounds, such as saturated, unsaturated, and epoxy fatty acids, cyclopeptides, and 3-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo [1, 2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, potentially implicated in the potent biosurfactant and antibiofilm activities. In the present study, we report the isolation of a B. amyloliquefaciens endophyte from the plant C. papyrus that produces a biosurfactant with potent antibiofilm activity against MDR/XDR global clones of A. baumannii. The impregnation of CVCs with the biosurfactant was demonstrated to reduce biofilms and, hence, proposed as a potential strategy for reducing CRBSIs.
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spelling pubmed-103739392023-07-28 Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii Amer, Mai A. Wasfi, Reham Hamed, Samira M. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of biofilm-associated infections, particularly catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) that are mostly recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. One approach to reducing the burden of CRBSIs is inhibiting biofilm formation on catheters. Owing to their prodigious microbial diversity, bacterial endophytes might be a valuable source of biosurfactants, which are known for their great capacity to disperse microbial biofilms. With this in mind, our study aimed to screen bacterial endophytes from plants growing on the banks of the River Nile for the production of powerful biosurfactants capable of reducing the ability of A. baumannii to form biofilms on central venous catheters (CVCs). This was tested on multidrug- and extensive drug-resistant (M/XDR) clinical isolates of A. baumannii that belong to high-risk global clones and on a standard strain of A. baumannii ATCC 19606. The drop collapse and oil dispersion assays were employed in screening the cell-free supernatants (CFS) of all endophytes for biosurfactant activity. Of the 44 bacterial endophytes recovered from 10 plants, the CFS of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Cp24, isolated from Cyperus papyrus, showed the highest biosurfactant activity. The crude biosurfactant extract of Cp24 showed potent antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 0.78 to 1.56 mg/ml. It also showed significant antibiofilm activity (p-value<0.01). Sub-MICs of the extract could reduce biofilm formation by up to 89.59%, while up to 87.3% of the preformed biofilms were eradicated by the MIC. A significant reduction in biofilm formation on CVCs impregnated with sub-MIC of the extract was demonstrated by CV assay and further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. This was associated with three log(10) reductions in adhered bacteria in the viable count assay. GC-MS analysis of the crude biosurfactant extract revealed the presence of several compounds, such as saturated, unsaturated, and epoxy fatty acids, cyclopeptides, and 3-Benzyl-hexahydro-pyrrolo [1, 2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, potentially implicated in the potent biosurfactant and antibiofilm activities. In the present study, we report the isolation of a B. amyloliquefaciens endophyte from the plant C. papyrus that produces a biosurfactant with potent antibiofilm activity against MDR/XDR global clones of A. baumannii. The impregnation of CVCs with the biosurfactant was demonstrated to reduce biofilms and, hence, proposed as a potential strategy for reducing CRBSIs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10373939/ /pubmed/37520441 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1210195 Text en Copyright © 2023 Amer, Wasfi and Hamed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Amer, Mai A.
Wasfi, Reham
Hamed, Samira M.
Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
title Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
title_full Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
title_fullStr Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
title_full_unstemmed Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
title_short Biosurfactant from Nile Papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of Acinetobacter baumannii
title_sort biosurfactant from nile papyrus endophyte with potential antibiofilm activity against global clones of acinetobacter baumannii
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10373939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37520441
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2023.1210195
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