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Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

This study aimed to investigate the presence of Dirofilaria immitis microfilaremia in dogs from two regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where heartworm infections are highly prevalent. Blood samples were collected from dogs aged > 12 months, independent of the use of preventatives. Al...

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Autores principales: Alberigi, Bruno, Carvalho, Esmael, Mendes-de-Almeida, Flavya, Labarthe, Norma, Scott, Fabio Barbour
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10374293/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37521361
http://dx.doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm001723
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author Alberigi, Bruno
Carvalho, Esmael
Mendes-de-Almeida, Flavya
Labarthe, Norma
Scott, Fabio Barbour
author_facet Alberigi, Bruno
Carvalho, Esmael
Mendes-de-Almeida, Flavya
Labarthe, Norma
Scott, Fabio Barbour
author_sort Alberigi, Bruno
collection PubMed
description This study aimed to investigate the presence of Dirofilaria immitis microfilaremia in dogs from two regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where heartworm infections are highly prevalent. Blood samples were collected from dogs aged > 12 months, independent of the use of preventatives. All samples obtained and analyzed using Knott's modified test by the investigators. A total of 133 blood samples were tested, and D. immitis microfilariae were detected in 29 of them, resulting in an occurrence of 21.8%. The percentage of dogs with microfilaremia detected raises concerns for pet families, one health professionals, and small animal practitioners. Microfilaremic dogs are the richest source of infection for the mosquitoes, increasing the risk of transmission. Therefore, the stakeholders in One Health must raise concerns regarding the health of wild animals, as wild canids and other species of wild animals are exposed to the risk of D. immitis infection. In addition, humans can get infected and develop human pulmonary dirofilariasis. In conclusion, the presence of dogs with microfilaremia potentiates opportunities for D. immitis transmission, exposing all animals, wild or domestic, human or non-human to the disease.
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spelling pubmed-103742932023-07-28 Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Alberigi, Bruno Carvalho, Esmael Mendes-de-Almeida, Flavya Labarthe, Norma Scott, Fabio Barbour Braz J Vet Med Short Communication This study aimed to investigate the presence of Dirofilaria immitis microfilaremia in dogs from two regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, where heartworm infections are highly prevalent. Blood samples were collected from dogs aged > 12 months, independent of the use of preventatives. All samples obtained and analyzed using Knott's modified test by the investigators. A total of 133 blood samples were tested, and D. immitis microfilariae were detected in 29 of them, resulting in an occurrence of 21.8%. The percentage of dogs with microfilaremia detected raises concerns for pet families, one health professionals, and small animal practitioners. Microfilaremic dogs are the richest source of infection for the mosquitoes, increasing the risk of transmission. Therefore, the stakeholders in One Health must raise concerns regarding the health of wild animals, as wild canids and other species of wild animals are exposed to the risk of D. immitis infection. In addition, humans can get infected and develop human pulmonary dirofilariasis. In conclusion, the presence of dogs with microfilaremia potentiates opportunities for D. immitis transmission, exposing all animals, wild or domestic, human or non-human to the disease. Sociedade de Medicina Veterinária do Estado do Rio de Janeiro 2023-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10374293/ /pubmed/37521361 http://dx.doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm001723 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Copyright Alberigi et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Short Communication
Alberigi, Bruno
Carvalho, Esmael
Mendes-de-Almeida, Flavya
Labarthe, Norma
Scott, Fabio Barbour
Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_full Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_fullStr Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_short Dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_sort dogs infected by dirofilaria immitis: a threat to the health of human and non-human animals in rio de janeiro, brazil
topic Short Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10374293/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37521361
http://dx.doi.org/10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm001723
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