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Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Purpose: Postural instability and decreased balance control ability have been observed in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Herein, we examined the abnormal balance control mechanisms of these patients during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing, providing a quan...

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Autores principales: Wang, Wei, Li, Xudong, Shi, Runxiu, Wang, Cheng, Zhang, Ke, Ren, Xiaomin, Wei, Hui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10375014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37520821
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1176222
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author Wang, Wei
Li, Xudong
Shi, Runxiu
Wang, Cheng
Zhang, Ke
Ren, Xiaomin
Wei, Hui
author_facet Wang, Wei
Li, Xudong
Shi, Runxiu
Wang, Cheng
Zhang, Ke
Ren, Xiaomin
Wei, Hui
author_sort Wang, Wei
collection PubMed
description Purpose: Postural instability and decreased balance control ability have been observed in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Herein, we examined the abnormal balance control mechanisms of these patients during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing, providing a quantitative index for rehabilitation assessment. Methods: We enrolled ACL reconstruction patients 6–8 months after surgery, and 14 gender- and age-matched healthy volunteers. The IKDC and Lysholm were applied in each patient after ACL reconstruction. All participants conducted the quiet standing and reaching forward (RF) tests at the specified locations on force plates. The ground reaction force, center of pressure (COP), and kinematics signals were recorded. The maximal reach distance (MRD), speed of RF, length of COP, peak speed of COP in anterior-posterior direction (AP-COP), and weight bearing ratio (WBR) of the affected limb were calculated in the RF test. The COP speed, COP amplitude, frequency components of COP and WBR were extracted during quiet standing. Results: We observed that the speed of RF in the patients after ACL reconstruction was significantly lower than that of controls (p < 0.05). The COP length during RF was positively correlated with the Lysholm scale in the affected limb of patients (r = 0.604, p < 0.05). The peak of AP-COP speed during RF in the affected limb of patients was significantly lower than that of the healthy controls (p < 0.05), and positively correlated with the IKDC scale (r = 0.651, p < 0.05). WBR on the affected limb of patients during RF were significantly lower than that of controls (p < 0.05). The mean (r = −0.633, p < 0.05) and peak (r = −0.643, p < 0.05) speeds of COP during quiet standing were negatively correlated with the IKDC scale value. The amplitude of AP-COP on the contralateral side of patients was significantly higher than that of controls during quiet standing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients after ACL reconstruction performed decreased postural control capacity, especially in dynamic balance, and were accompanied by deficiencies in proprioception. The COP length, peak speed of COP during RF and COP speed during quiet standing could be considered as quantitative index of balance function assessment after ACL reconstruction.
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spelling pubmed-103750142023-07-29 Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Wang, Wei Li, Xudong Shi, Runxiu Wang, Cheng Zhang, Ke Ren, Xiaomin Wei, Hui Front Physiol Physiology Purpose: Postural instability and decreased balance control ability have been observed in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Herein, we examined the abnormal balance control mechanisms of these patients during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing, providing a quantitative index for rehabilitation assessment. Methods: We enrolled ACL reconstruction patients 6–8 months after surgery, and 14 gender- and age-matched healthy volunteers. The IKDC and Lysholm were applied in each patient after ACL reconstruction. All participants conducted the quiet standing and reaching forward (RF) tests at the specified locations on force plates. The ground reaction force, center of pressure (COP), and kinematics signals were recorded. The maximal reach distance (MRD), speed of RF, length of COP, peak speed of COP in anterior-posterior direction (AP-COP), and weight bearing ratio (WBR) of the affected limb were calculated in the RF test. The COP speed, COP amplitude, frequency components of COP and WBR were extracted during quiet standing. Results: We observed that the speed of RF in the patients after ACL reconstruction was significantly lower than that of controls (p < 0.05). The COP length during RF was positively correlated with the Lysholm scale in the affected limb of patients (r = 0.604, p < 0.05). The peak of AP-COP speed during RF in the affected limb of patients was significantly lower than that of the healthy controls (p < 0.05), and positively correlated with the IKDC scale (r = 0.651, p < 0.05). WBR on the affected limb of patients during RF were significantly lower than that of controls (p < 0.05). The mean (r = −0.633, p < 0.05) and peak (r = −0.643, p < 0.05) speeds of COP during quiet standing were negatively correlated with the IKDC scale value. The amplitude of AP-COP on the contralateral side of patients was significantly higher than that of controls during quiet standing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients after ACL reconstruction performed decreased postural control capacity, especially in dynamic balance, and were accompanied by deficiencies in proprioception. The COP length, peak speed of COP during RF and COP speed during quiet standing could be considered as quantitative index of balance function assessment after ACL reconstruction. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10375014/ /pubmed/37520821 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1176222 Text en Copyright © 2023 Wang, Li, Shi, Wang, Zhang, Ren and Wei. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Wang, Wei
Li, Xudong
Shi, Runxiu
Wang, Cheng
Zhang, Ke
Ren, Xiaomin
Wei, Hui
Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
title Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
title_full Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
title_fullStr Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
title_full_unstemmed Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
title_short Abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
title_sort abnormal balance control mechanisms during dynamic reaching forward and quiet standing in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10375014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37520821
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1176222
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