Effect of Cilostazol on Delayed Cerebral Infarction in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using Explainable Predictive Modeling

The studies interpreting DCI, a complication of SAH, and identifying correlations are very limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cilostazol on ACV and DCI after coil embolization for ruptured aneurysms (n = 432). A multivariate analysis was performed and explainable artificial intelligence approaches were used to analyze the contribution of cilostazol as a risk factor on the development of ACV and DCI with respect to global and local interpretation. The cilonimo group was significantly lower than the nimo group in ACV (13.5% vs. 29.3; p = 0.003) and DCI (7.9% vs. 20.7%; p = 0.006), respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression, the odds ratio for DCI for the cilonimo group, female sex, and aneurysm size was 0.556 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.351–0.879; p = 0.012), 3.713 (95% CI, 1.683–8.191; p = 0.001), and 1.106 (95% CI, 1.008–1.214; p = 0.034). The risk of a DCI occurrence was significantly increased with an aneurysm size greater than 10 mm (max 80%). The mean AUC of the XGBoost and logistic regression models was 0.94 ± 0.03 and 0.95 ± 0.04, respectively. Cilostazol treatment combined with nimodipine could decrease the prevalence of ACV (13.5%) and DCI (7.9%) in patients with aSAH.