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A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study

Background: One of the most widely used instruments for assessing agitation in dementia patients is the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), nevertheless no global score has been proposed. The aim of this study is: (a) to conduct a confirmatory (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of C...

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Autores principales: Cesana, Bruno Mario, Poptsi, Eleni, Tsolaki, Magda, Bergh, Sverre, Ciccone, Alfonso, Cognat, Emmanuel, Fabbo, Andrea, Fascendini, Sara, Frisoni, Giovanni B., Frölich, Lutz, Jori, Maria Cristina, Mecocci, Patrizia, Merlo, Paola, Peters, Oliver, Defanti, Carlo Alberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10376951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37508955
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13071025
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author Cesana, Bruno Mario
Poptsi, Eleni
Tsolaki, Magda
Bergh, Sverre
Ciccone, Alfonso
Cognat, Emmanuel
Fabbo, Andrea
Fascendini, Sara
Frisoni, Giovanni B.
Frölich, Lutz
Jori, Maria Cristina
Mecocci, Patrizia
Merlo, Paola
Peters, Oliver
Defanti, Carlo Alberto
author_facet Cesana, Bruno Mario
Poptsi, Eleni
Tsolaki, Magda
Bergh, Sverre
Ciccone, Alfonso
Cognat, Emmanuel
Fabbo, Andrea
Fascendini, Sara
Frisoni, Giovanni B.
Frölich, Lutz
Jori, Maria Cristina
Mecocci, Patrizia
Merlo, Paola
Peters, Oliver
Defanti, Carlo Alberto
author_sort Cesana, Bruno Mario
collection PubMed
description Background: One of the most widely used instruments for assessing agitation in dementia patients is the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), nevertheless no global score has been proposed. The aim of this study is: (a) to conduct a confirmatory (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of CMAI on people with dementia and Psychological and Behavioral Symptoms (BPSD), and (b) to propose an alternative structure, based on clinical criteria including all CMAI items. Methods: Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were carried out on the CMAI 29 items administered at baseline to 505 patients with dementia (PwD) and BPSD enrolled in the international observational RECage study. Results: The three-factor structure has not been confirmed by the CFA, whilst the EFA was carried out respectively on 25 items disregarding 4 items with a prevalence ≤5% and then on 20 items disregarding 9 items with a prevalence ≤10%. The four-factor structure explaining 56% of the variance comprised Physically Aggressive behavior, Verbally Aggressive behavior, Physically non-aggressive behavior, and Physically and verbally aggressive behavior. Conclusions: A new grouping of all items according to a clinical criterion is proposed, allowing for a more sensible evaluation of the symptoms leading to better differentiation.
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spelling pubmed-103769512023-07-29 A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study Cesana, Bruno Mario Poptsi, Eleni Tsolaki, Magda Bergh, Sverre Ciccone, Alfonso Cognat, Emmanuel Fabbo, Andrea Fascendini, Sara Frisoni, Giovanni B. Frölich, Lutz Jori, Maria Cristina Mecocci, Patrizia Merlo, Paola Peters, Oliver Defanti, Carlo Alberto Brain Sci Article Background: One of the most widely used instruments for assessing agitation in dementia patients is the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), nevertheless no global score has been proposed. The aim of this study is: (a) to conduct a confirmatory (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of CMAI on people with dementia and Psychological and Behavioral Symptoms (BPSD), and (b) to propose an alternative structure, based on clinical criteria including all CMAI items. Methods: Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were carried out on the CMAI 29 items administered at baseline to 505 patients with dementia (PwD) and BPSD enrolled in the international observational RECage study. Results: The three-factor structure has not been confirmed by the CFA, whilst the EFA was carried out respectively on 25 items disregarding 4 items with a prevalence ≤5% and then on 20 items disregarding 9 items with a prevalence ≤10%. The four-factor structure explaining 56% of the variance comprised Physically Aggressive behavior, Verbally Aggressive behavior, Physically non-aggressive behavior, and Physically and verbally aggressive behavior. Conclusions: A new grouping of all items according to a clinical criterion is proposed, allowing for a more sensible evaluation of the symptoms leading to better differentiation. MDPI 2023-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10376951/ /pubmed/37508955 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13071025 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cesana, Bruno Mario
Poptsi, Eleni
Tsolaki, Magda
Bergh, Sverre
Ciccone, Alfonso
Cognat, Emmanuel
Fabbo, Andrea
Fascendini, Sara
Frisoni, Giovanni B.
Frölich, Lutz
Jori, Maria Cristina
Mecocci, Patrizia
Merlo, Paola
Peters, Oliver
Defanti, Carlo Alberto
A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study
title A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study
title_full A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study
title_fullStr A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study
title_full_unstemmed A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study
title_short A Confirmatory and an Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) in a European Case Series of Patients with Dementia: Results from the RECage Study
title_sort confirmatory and an exploratory factor analysis of the cohen-mansfield agitation inventory (cmai) in a european case series of patients with dementia: results from the recage study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10376951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37508955
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13071025
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