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The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine)
In recent years, intensified Qu (IQ) has been gradually applied to brewing in order to improve the aroma of Huangjiu (Chinese rice wine). In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Wickerhamomyces anomalus solutions were added to Fengmi Qu (FMQ) from Fangxian, China to produce IQ, and brewing trial...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10378853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37509766 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12142674 |
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author | Zheng, Siman Zhang, Wendi Ren, Qing Wu, Jihong Zhang, Jinglin Wang, Bowen Meng, Nan Li, Jinchen Huang, Mingquan |
author_facet | Zheng, Siman Zhang, Wendi Ren, Qing Wu, Jihong Zhang, Jinglin Wang, Bowen Meng, Nan Li, Jinchen Huang, Mingquan |
author_sort | Zheng, Siman |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent years, intensified Qu (IQ) has been gradually applied to brewing in order to improve the aroma of Huangjiu (Chinese rice wine). In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Wickerhamomyces anomalus solutions were added to Fengmi Qu (FMQ) from Fangxian, China to produce IQ, and brewing trial was conducted. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to analyze the microbial community in fermentation broth of IQ (IQFB). Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and sensory evaluation were performed to analyze volatile aroma compounds (VACs) in sample without Qu and both fermentation broths. The results showed that Pediococcus, Cronobacter, Enterococcus, Weissella, and Acinetobacter and Saccharomycopsis, Wickerhamomyces, and Saccharomyces were dominant bacterial and fungal groups, respectively. A total of 115 VACs were detected, and the content of esters including ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, and so on was noticeably higher in IQFB. The finding of sensory evaluation reflected that adding pure yeast to Qu could enhance fruit and floral aromas. Correlation analysis yielded 858 correlations between significant microorganisms and different VACs. In addition, prediction of microbial community functions in IQFB revealed global and overview maps and carbohydrate metabolism to be the main one. This study is advantageous for further regulation of the fermentation process of Huangjiu by microbial means. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10378853 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103788532023-07-29 The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) Zheng, Siman Zhang, Wendi Ren, Qing Wu, Jihong Zhang, Jinglin Wang, Bowen Meng, Nan Li, Jinchen Huang, Mingquan Foods Article In recent years, intensified Qu (IQ) has been gradually applied to brewing in order to improve the aroma of Huangjiu (Chinese rice wine). In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Wickerhamomyces anomalus solutions were added to Fengmi Qu (FMQ) from Fangxian, China to produce IQ, and brewing trial was conducted. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was used to analyze the microbial community in fermentation broth of IQ (IQFB). Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and sensory evaluation were performed to analyze volatile aroma compounds (VACs) in sample without Qu and both fermentation broths. The results showed that Pediococcus, Cronobacter, Enterococcus, Weissella, and Acinetobacter and Saccharomycopsis, Wickerhamomyces, and Saccharomyces were dominant bacterial and fungal groups, respectively. A total of 115 VACs were detected, and the content of esters including ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, and so on was noticeably higher in IQFB. The finding of sensory evaluation reflected that adding pure yeast to Qu could enhance fruit and floral aromas. Correlation analysis yielded 858 correlations between significant microorganisms and different VACs. In addition, prediction of microbial community functions in IQFB revealed global and overview maps and carbohydrate metabolism to be the main one. This study is advantageous for further regulation of the fermentation process of Huangjiu by microbial means. MDPI 2023-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10378853/ /pubmed/37509766 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12142674 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zheng, Siman Zhang, Wendi Ren, Qing Wu, Jihong Zhang, Jinglin Wang, Bowen Meng, Nan Li, Jinchen Huang, Mingquan The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) |
title | The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) |
title_full | The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) |
title_fullStr | The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) |
title_full_unstemmed | The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) |
title_short | The Production of Intensified Qu and Its Microbial Communities and Aroma Variation during the Fermentation of Huangjiu (Chinese Rice Wine) |
title_sort | production of intensified qu and its microbial communities and aroma variation during the fermentation of huangjiu (chinese rice wine) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10378853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37509766 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12142674 |
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