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Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations

Nutrition and metabolism modify epigenetic signatures like histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Histone acetylation and DNA methylation in the central nervous system (CNS) can be altered by bioactive nutrients and gut microbiome via the gut–brain axis, which in turn modulate neuronal activity an...

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Autores principales: Nohesara, Shabnam, Abdolmaleky, Hamid Mostafavi, Thiagalingam, Sam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10379841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37510410
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14071506
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author Nohesara, Shabnam
Abdolmaleky, Hamid Mostafavi
Thiagalingam, Sam
author_facet Nohesara, Shabnam
Abdolmaleky, Hamid Mostafavi
Thiagalingam, Sam
author_sort Nohesara, Shabnam
collection PubMed
description Nutrition and metabolism modify epigenetic signatures like histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Histone acetylation and DNA methylation in the central nervous system (CNS) can be altered by bioactive nutrients and gut microbiome via the gut–brain axis, which in turn modulate neuronal activity and behavior. Notably, the gut microbiome, with more than 1000 bacterial species, collectively contains almost three million functional genes whose products interact with millions of human epigenetic marks and 30,000 genes in a dynamic manner. However, genetic makeup shapes gut microbiome composition, food/nutrient metabolism, and epigenetic landscape, as well. Here, we first discuss the effect of changes in the microbial structure and composition in shaping specific epigenetic alterations in the brain and their role in the onset and progression of major mental disorders. Afterward, potential interactions among maternal diet/environmental factors, nutrition, and gastrointestinal microbiome, and their roles in accelerating or delaying the onset of severe mental illnesses via epigenetic changes will be discussed. We also provide an overview of the association between the gut microbiome, oxidative stress, and inflammation through epigenetic mechanisms. Finally, we present some underlying mechanisms involved in mediating the influence of the gut microbiome and probiotics on mental health via epigenetic modifications.
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spelling pubmed-103798412023-07-29 Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations Nohesara, Shabnam Abdolmaleky, Hamid Mostafavi Thiagalingam, Sam Genes (Basel) Review Nutrition and metabolism modify epigenetic signatures like histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Histone acetylation and DNA methylation in the central nervous system (CNS) can be altered by bioactive nutrients and gut microbiome via the gut–brain axis, which in turn modulate neuronal activity and behavior. Notably, the gut microbiome, with more than 1000 bacterial species, collectively contains almost three million functional genes whose products interact with millions of human epigenetic marks and 30,000 genes in a dynamic manner. However, genetic makeup shapes gut microbiome composition, food/nutrient metabolism, and epigenetic landscape, as well. Here, we first discuss the effect of changes in the microbial structure and composition in shaping specific epigenetic alterations in the brain and their role in the onset and progression of major mental disorders. Afterward, potential interactions among maternal diet/environmental factors, nutrition, and gastrointestinal microbiome, and their roles in accelerating or delaying the onset of severe mental illnesses via epigenetic changes will be discussed. We also provide an overview of the association between the gut microbiome, oxidative stress, and inflammation through epigenetic mechanisms. Finally, we present some underlying mechanisms involved in mediating the influence of the gut microbiome and probiotics on mental health via epigenetic modifications. MDPI 2023-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10379841/ /pubmed/37510410 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14071506 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Nohesara, Shabnam
Abdolmaleky, Hamid Mostafavi
Thiagalingam, Sam
Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
title Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
title_full Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
title_fullStr Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
title_full_unstemmed Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
title_short Epigenetic Aberrations in Major Psychiatric Diseases Related to Diet and Gut Microbiome Alterations
title_sort epigenetic aberrations in major psychiatric diseases related to diet and gut microbiome alterations
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10379841/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37510410
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14071506
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