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Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test
The hook test is a widely used intraoperative method for assessing syndesmosis stability. However, there are no recommendations regarding the force required to perform this test. Furthermore, the reliability of the test is unclear. Ten experienced surgeons performed hook tests on a cadaver bone mode...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10380604/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37510697 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144580 |
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author | Hallbauer, Jakob Schenk, Philipp Herrmann, Lea Ullrich, Bernhard Wilhelm Biedermann, Uta Wildemann, Britt Hofmann, Gunther Olaf Kohler, Felix Christian |
author_facet | Hallbauer, Jakob Schenk, Philipp Herrmann, Lea Ullrich, Bernhard Wilhelm Biedermann, Uta Wildemann, Britt Hofmann, Gunther Olaf Kohler, Felix Christian |
author_sort | Hallbauer, Jakob |
collection | PubMed |
description | The hook test is a widely used intraoperative method for assessing syndesmosis stability. However, there are no recommendations regarding the force required to perform this test. Furthermore, the reliability of the test is unclear. Ten experienced surgeons performed hook tests on a cadaver bone model. The applied forces were recorded in a blinded manner. In addition, standardized hook tests with defined forces (50, 80, and 100 N) were performed on 10 pairs of cadaver lower legs and the syndesmosis was sequentially destabilized. Diastasis of the syndesmosis was recorded using an optical 3D camera system. A median force of 81 N (Range: 50 N–145 N) was applied. A proportion of 82% of the tests showed a force < 100 N. The data showed good intraraterreliability and poor interraterreliability. In the standardized investigation of the hook test on the cadaver bone model, both the force and the instability of the syndesmosis had a significant influence on the syndesmosis diastasis. Nevertheless, even with maximum instability of the syndesmosis, diastasis > 2 mm could only be measured in 12 of the 19 evaluable specimens. The widely used hook test shows a high variability when performed in practice. Even in a standardized manner, the hook test cannot detect a relevant syndesmosis injury. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10380604 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103806042023-07-29 Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test Hallbauer, Jakob Schenk, Philipp Herrmann, Lea Ullrich, Bernhard Wilhelm Biedermann, Uta Wildemann, Britt Hofmann, Gunther Olaf Kohler, Felix Christian J Clin Med Article The hook test is a widely used intraoperative method for assessing syndesmosis stability. However, there are no recommendations regarding the force required to perform this test. Furthermore, the reliability of the test is unclear. Ten experienced surgeons performed hook tests on a cadaver bone model. The applied forces were recorded in a blinded manner. In addition, standardized hook tests with defined forces (50, 80, and 100 N) were performed on 10 pairs of cadaver lower legs and the syndesmosis was sequentially destabilized. Diastasis of the syndesmosis was recorded using an optical 3D camera system. A median force of 81 N (Range: 50 N–145 N) was applied. A proportion of 82% of the tests showed a force < 100 N. The data showed good intraraterreliability and poor interraterreliability. In the standardized investigation of the hook test on the cadaver bone model, both the force and the instability of the syndesmosis had a significant influence on the syndesmosis diastasis. Nevertheless, even with maximum instability of the syndesmosis, diastasis > 2 mm could only be measured in 12 of the 19 evaluable specimens. The widely used hook test shows a high variability when performed in practice. Even in a standardized manner, the hook test cannot detect a relevant syndesmosis injury. MDPI 2023-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC10380604/ /pubmed/37510697 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144580 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hallbauer, Jakob Schenk, Philipp Herrmann, Lea Ullrich, Bernhard Wilhelm Biedermann, Uta Wildemann, Britt Hofmann, Gunther Olaf Kohler, Felix Christian Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test |
title | Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test |
title_full | Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test |
title_fullStr | Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test |
title_full_unstemmed | Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test |
title_short | Objective Assessment of Syndesmosis Stability Using the Hook Test |
title_sort | objective assessment of syndesmosis stability using the hook test |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10380604/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37510697 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144580 |
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