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Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin

Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter due to its involvement in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine is not only involved in PD but also controls multiple mental and physical activities, such as the pleasure of food, friends and loved ones, music, art, mood, cognition, motivation, fear, affective...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jayanti, Sri, Dalla Verde, Camilla, Tiribelli, Claudio, Gazzin, Silvia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10380707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37511235
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411478
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author Jayanti, Sri
Dalla Verde, Camilla
Tiribelli, Claudio
Gazzin, Silvia
author_facet Jayanti, Sri
Dalla Verde, Camilla
Tiribelli, Claudio
Gazzin, Silvia
author_sort Jayanti, Sri
collection PubMed
description Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter due to its involvement in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine is not only involved in PD but also controls multiple mental and physical activities, such as the pleasure of food, friends and loved ones, music, art, mood, cognition, motivation, fear, affective disorders, addiction, attention deficit disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. Dopaminergic neurons (DOPAn) are susceptible to stressors, and inflammation is a recognized risk for neuronal malfunctioning and cell death in major neurodegenerative diseases. Less is known for non-neurodegenerative conditions. Among the endogenous defenses, bilirubin, a heme metabolite, has been shown to possess important anti-inflammatory activity and, most importantly, to prevent DOPAn demise in an ex vivo model of PD by acting on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). This review summarizes the evidence linking DOPAn, inflammation (when possible, specifically TNFα), and bilirubin as an anti-inflammatory in order to understand what is known, the gaps that need filling, and the hypotheses of anti-inflammatory strategies to preserve dopamine homeostasis with bilirubin included.
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spelling pubmed-103807072023-07-29 Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin Jayanti, Sri Dalla Verde, Camilla Tiribelli, Claudio Gazzin, Silvia Int J Mol Sci Review Dopamine is a well-known neurotransmitter due to its involvement in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine is not only involved in PD but also controls multiple mental and physical activities, such as the pleasure of food, friends and loved ones, music, art, mood, cognition, motivation, fear, affective disorders, addiction, attention deficit disorder, depression, and schizophrenia. Dopaminergic neurons (DOPAn) are susceptible to stressors, and inflammation is a recognized risk for neuronal malfunctioning and cell death in major neurodegenerative diseases. Less is known for non-neurodegenerative conditions. Among the endogenous defenses, bilirubin, a heme metabolite, has been shown to possess important anti-inflammatory activity and, most importantly, to prevent DOPAn demise in an ex vivo model of PD by acting on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα). This review summarizes the evidence linking DOPAn, inflammation (when possible, specifically TNFα), and bilirubin as an anti-inflammatory in order to understand what is known, the gaps that need filling, and the hypotheses of anti-inflammatory strategies to preserve dopamine homeostasis with bilirubin included. MDPI 2023-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10380707/ /pubmed/37511235 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411478 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jayanti, Sri
Dalla Verde, Camilla
Tiribelli, Claudio
Gazzin, Silvia
Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin
title Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin
title_full Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin
title_fullStr Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin
title_full_unstemmed Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin
title_short Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin
title_sort inflammation, dopaminergic brain and bilirubin
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10380707/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37511235
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411478
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