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Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients

Trauma remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Polytraumatized patients need a precise, early diagnosis to avoid complications such as multiorgan failure or sepsis. Inflammatory cytokines, commonly used for diagnosis, have a short half-life, which limits their efficacy as a diagnostic or...

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Autores principales: Weber, Birte, Sturm, Ramona, Henrich, Dirk, Lupu, Ludmila, Rottluff, Katrin, Marzi, Ingo, Leppik, Liudmila
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10380769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37511589
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411830
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author Weber, Birte
Sturm, Ramona
Henrich, Dirk
Lupu, Ludmila
Rottluff, Katrin
Marzi, Ingo
Leppik, Liudmila
author_facet Weber, Birte
Sturm, Ramona
Henrich, Dirk
Lupu, Ludmila
Rottluff, Katrin
Marzi, Ingo
Leppik, Liudmila
author_sort Weber, Birte
collection PubMed
description Trauma remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Polytraumatized patients need a precise, early diagnosis to avoid complications such as multiorgan failure or sepsis. Inflammatory cytokines, commonly used for diagnosis, have a short half-life, which limits their efficacy as a diagnostic or prognostic marker. In this study, we hypothesized that cytokines in exosomes could have a longer half-life, and therefore could be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in polytrauma patients. Plasma samples from polytraumatized patients (ISS ≥ 16, n = 18) were collected in the emergency room (ER) 1, 2, 3 and 5 days after trauma. Plasma-exosomes were isolated via size exclusion chromatography from polytraumatized patients and healthy volunteers (n = 10). The systemic and exosomal concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF were measured using high-sensitive ELISAs. To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of exosomal cytokines, data were correlated with clinical outcome parameters (injury severity, ventilation time, time in ICU and survival) documented in the patients’ electronic records. Despite the use of high-sensitive ELISAs, IL-1β and TNF alpha were not detected in exosomes. IL-6 and IL-10 were detectable in polytraumatized patient exosomes at all time points. A decrease over time of both systemic and exosomal IL-6 concentrations was observed. Furthermore, exosomal and systemic IL-6 concentrations moderately correlated (r = 0.63). Exosomal IL-6 in the ER moderately correlated with the Injury Severity Score (ISS) (mean 35.5 ± 11.5) (r = 0.45) and was associated with non-survival in polytrauma patients (p < 0.05). In contrast to IL-6, no correlation between systemic and exosomal IL-10 concentrations was found. Exosomal IL-10 concentrations remained unchanged throughout the observation time, whereas systemic IL-10 concentrations peaked in the ER and were significantly reduced after 24 h. Data from this study support our hypothesis that some cytokines (IL-10), but not all (IL-6), are detectable in exosomes significantly longer than they are in plasma. This might indicate that they are protected from degradation. Although we did not find a correlation between IL-10 exosomal concentration and patient outcome, our data confirm that exosomal cytokines are of interest as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in polytrauma patients, and require further detailed research.
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spelling pubmed-103807692023-07-29 Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients Weber, Birte Sturm, Ramona Henrich, Dirk Lupu, Ludmila Rottluff, Katrin Marzi, Ingo Leppik, Liudmila Int J Mol Sci Article Trauma remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Polytraumatized patients need a precise, early diagnosis to avoid complications such as multiorgan failure or sepsis. Inflammatory cytokines, commonly used for diagnosis, have a short half-life, which limits their efficacy as a diagnostic or prognostic marker. In this study, we hypothesized that cytokines in exosomes could have a longer half-life, and therefore could be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in polytrauma patients. Plasma samples from polytraumatized patients (ISS ≥ 16, n = 18) were collected in the emergency room (ER) 1, 2, 3 and 5 days after trauma. Plasma-exosomes were isolated via size exclusion chromatography from polytraumatized patients and healthy volunteers (n = 10). The systemic and exosomal concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF were measured using high-sensitive ELISAs. To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of exosomal cytokines, data were correlated with clinical outcome parameters (injury severity, ventilation time, time in ICU and survival) documented in the patients’ electronic records. Despite the use of high-sensitive ELISAs, IL-1β and TNF alpha were not detected in exosomes. IL-6 and IL-10 were detectable in polytraumatized patient exosomes at all time points. A decrease over time of both systemic and exosomal IL-6 concentrations was observed. Furthermore, exosomal and systemic IL-6 concentrations moderately correlated (r = 0.63). Exosomal IL-6 in the ER moderately correlated with the Injury Severity Score (ISS) (mean 35.5 ± 11.5) (r = 0.45) and was associated with non-survival in polytrauma patients (p < 0.05). In contrast to IL-6, no correlation between systemic and exosomal IL-10 concentrations was found. Exosomal IL-10 concentrations remained unchanged throughout the observation time, whereas systemic IL-10 concentrations peaked in the ER and were significantly reduced after 24 h. Data from this study support our hypothesis that some cytokines (IL-10), but not all (IL-6), are detectable in exosomes significantly longer than they are in plasma. This might indicate that they are protected from degradation. Although we did not find a correlation between IL-10 exosomal concentration and patient outcome, our data confirm that exosomal cytokines are of interest as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in polytrauma patients, and require further detailed research. MDPI 2023-07-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10380769/ /pubmed/37511589 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411830 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Weber, Birte
Sturm, Ramona
Henrich, Dirk
Lupu, Ludmila
Rottluff, Katrin
Marzi, Ingo
Leppik, Liudmila
Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients
title Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients
title_full Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients
title_fullStr Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients
title_full_unstemmed Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients
title_short Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of Exosomal Cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in Polytrauma Patients
title_sort diagnostic and prognostic potential of exosomal cytokines il-6 and il-10 in polytrauma patients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10380769/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37511589
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411830
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