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Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation

Nanogels are candidates for biomedical applications, and core-shell nanogels offer the potential to tune thermoresponsive behaviour with the capacity for extensive degradation. These properties were achieved by the combination of a core of poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) and a shell of poly(N-isopro...

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Autores principales: Niezabitowska, Edyta, Gray, Dominic M., Gallardo-Toledo, Eduardo, Owen, Andrew, Rannard, Steve P., McDonald, Tom O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10381601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37504841
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070346
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author Niezabitowska, Edyta
Gray, Dominic M.
Gallardo-Toledo, Eduardo
Owen, Andrew
Rannard, Steve P.
McDonald, Tom O.
author_facet Niezabitowska, Edyta
Gray, Dominic M.
Gallardo-Toledo, Eduardo
Owen, Andrew
Rannard, Steve P.
McDonald, Tom O.
author_sort Niezabitowska, Edyta
collection PubMed
description Nanogels are candidates for biomedical applications, and core-shell nanogels offer the potential to tune thermoresponsive behaviour with the capacity for extensive degradation. These properties were achieved by the combination of a core of poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) and a shell of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), both crosslinked with the degradable crosslinker N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine. In this work, the degradation behaviour of these nanogels was characterised using asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled with multi-angle and dynamic light scattering. By monitoring the degradation products of the nanogels in real-time, it was possible to identify three distinct stages of degradation: nanogel swelling, nanogel fragmentation, and nanogel fragment degradation. The results indicate that the core-shell nanogels degrade slower than their non-core-shell counterparts, possibly due to a higher degree of self-crosslinking reactions occurring in the shell. The majority of the degradation products had molecule weights below 10 kDa, which suggests that they may be cleared through the kidneys. This study provides important insights into the design and characterisation of degradable nanogels for biomedical applications, highlighting the need for accurate characterisation techniques to measure the potential biological impact of nanogel degradation products.
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spelling pubmed-103816012023-07-29 Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation Niezabitowska, Edyta Gray, Dominic M. Gallardo-Toledo, Eduardo Owen, Andrew Rannard, Steve P. McDonald, Tom O. J Funct Biomater Article Nanogels are candidates for biomedical applications, and core-shell nanogels offer the potential to tune thermoresponsive behaviour with the capacity for extensive degradation. These properties were achieved by the combination of a core of poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) and a shell of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), both crosslinked with the degradable crosslinker N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine. In this work, the degradation behaviour of these nanogels was characterised using asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled with multi-angle and dynamic light scattering. By monitoring the degradation products of the nanogels in real-time, it was possible to identify three distinct stages of degradation: nanogel swelling, nanogel fragmentation, and nanogel fragment degradation. The results indicate that the core-shell nanogels degrade slower than their non-core-shell counterparts, possibly due to a higher degree of self-crosslinking reactions occurring in the shell. The majority of the degradation products had molecule weights below 10 kDa, which suggests that they may be cleared through the kidneys. This study provides important insights into the design and characterisation of degradable nanogels for biomedical applications, highlighting the need for accurate characterisation techniques to measure the potential biological impact of nanogel degradation products. MDPI 2023-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10381601/ /pubmed/37504841 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070346 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Niezabitowska, Edyta
Gray, Dominic M.
Gallardo-Toledo, Eduardo
Owen, Andrew
Rannard, Steve P.
McDonald, Tom O.
Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation
title Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation
title_full Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation
title_fullStr Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation
title_full_unstemmed Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation
title_short Understanding the Degradation of Core-Shell Nanogels Using Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation
title_sort understanding the degradation of core-shell nanogels using asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10381601/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37504841
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070346
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