Secondary Metabolites from the Cultures of Medicinal Mushroom Vanderbylia robiniophila and Their Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities

Vanderbylia robiniophila (Huaier in Chinese) has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in China for over 1600 years. However, the secondary metabolites of V. robiniophila have not been systematically examined. Corresponding chemical investigation in this study led to the discovery of two new compounds, (22E, 24R)-6β, 7α-dimethoxyergosta-8(14), 22-diene-3β, 5α-diol (1) and vanderbyliolide A (8), along with eight known ones (2–7, 9–10). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of all isolated compounds was evaluated, and compound 10 showed a potential tyrosinase inhibitory effect with an IC(50) value of 60.47 ± 2.63 μM. Kinetic studies of the inhibition reactions suggested that 10 provides the inhibitory ability on tyrosinase in an uncompetitive way.