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Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis
The evolution of sexual dimorphisms requires divergence between sexes in the evolutionary trajectories of the traits involved. Discerning how genetic architecture could facilitate such divergence has proven challenging because of the difficulty in estimating non-additive and sex-linked genetic varia...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10382563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37248439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-023-00626-5 |
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author | Fairbairn, Daphne J. Roff, Derek A. Wolak, Matthew E. |
author_facet | Fairbairn, Daphne J. Roff, Derek A. Wolak, Matthew E. |
author_sort | Fairbairn, Daphne J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The evolution of sexual dimorphisms requires divergence between sexes in the evolutionary trajectories of the traits involved. Discerning how genetic architecture could facilitate such divergence has proven challenging because of the difficulty in estimating non-additive and sex-linked genetic variances using traditional quantitative genetic designs. Here we use a three-generation, double-first-cousin pedigree design to estimate additive, sex-linked and dominance (co)variances for 12 traits in the water strider, Aquarius remigis. Comparisons among these traits, which have size ratios ranging from 1 to 5 (larger/smaller), allow us to ask if sexual dimorphisms are associated with characteristic patterns of quantitative genetic variation. We frame our analysis around three main questions, derived from existing theory and empirical evidence: Are sexual dimorphisms associated with (1) lower additive inter-sex genetic correlations, (2) higher proportions of sex-linked variance, or (3) differences between sexes in autosomal additive and dominance genetic variances? For questions (1) and (2), we find weak and non-significant trends in the expected directions, which preclude definitive conclusions. However, in answer to question (3), we find strong evidence for a positive relationship between sexual dimorphism and differences between sexes in proportions of autosomal dominance variance. We also find strong interactions among the three genetic components indicating that their relative influence differs among traits and between sexes. These results highlight the need to include all three components of genetic (co)variance in both theoretical evolutionary models and empirical estimations of the genetic architecture of dimorphic traits. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10382563 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103825632023-07-30 Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis Fairbairn, Daphne J. Roff, Derek A. Wolak, Matthew E. Heredity (Edinb) Article The evolution of sexual dimorphisms requires divergence between sexes in the evolutionary trajectories of the traits involved. Discerning how genetic architecture could facilitate such divergence has proven challenging because of the difficulty in estimating non-additive and sex-linked genetic variances using traditional quantitative genetic designs. Here we use a three-generation, double-first-cousin pedigree design to estimate additive, sex-linked and dominance (co)variances for 12 traits in the water strider, Aquarius remigis. Comparisons among these traits, which have size ratios ranging from 1 to 5 (larger/smaller), allow us to ask if sexual dimorphisms are associated with characteristic patterns of quantitative genetic variation. We frame our analysis around three main questions, derived from existing theory and empirical evidence: Are sexual dimorphisms associated with (1) lower additive inter-sex genetic correlations, (2) higher proportions of sex-linked variance, or (3) differences between sexes in autosomal additive and dominance genetic variances? For questions (1) and (2), we find weak and non-significant trends in the expected directions, which preclude definitive conclusions. However, in answer to question (3), we find strong evidence for a positive relationship between sexual dimorphism and differences between sexes in proportions of autosomal dominance variance. We also find strong interactions among the three genetic components indicating that their relative influence differs among traits and between sexes. These results highlight the need to include all three components of genetic (co)variance in both theoretical evolutionary models and empirical estimations of the genetic architecture of dimorphic traits. Springer International Publishing 2023-05-29 2023-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10382563/ /pubmed/37248439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-023-00626-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Fairbairn, Daphne J. Roff, Derek A. Wolak, Matthew E. Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis |
title | Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis |
title_full | Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis |
title_fullStr | Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis |
title_full_unstemmed | Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis |
title_short | Tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, Aquarius remigis |
title_sort | tests for associations between sexual dimorphism and patterns of quantitative genetic variation in the water strider, aquarius remigis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10382563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37248439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-023-00626-5 |
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