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Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance

Toothpaste viscosity decreases rapidly when diluted with saliva during brushing, potentially causing premature washout of high-risk caries areas and reducing the uptake of dental fluoride ions. However, no reports have examined the acid resistance of enamel from the perspective of the toothpaste’s p...

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Autores principales: Satou, Ryouichi, Shibata, Chikara, Takayanagi, Atsushi, Yamagishi, Atsushi, Birkhed, Dowen, Sugihara, Naoki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10383383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37512363
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145089
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author Satou, Ryouichi
Shibata, Chikara
Takayanagi, Atsushi
Yamagishi, Atsushi
Birkhed, Dowen
Sugihara, Naoki
author_facet Satou, Ryouichi
Shibata, Chikara
Takayanagi, Atsushi
Yamagishi, Atsushi
Birkhed, Dowen
Sugihara, Naoki
author_sort Satou, Ryouichi
collection PubMed
description Toothpaste viscosity decreases rapidly when diluted with saliva during brushing, potentially causing premature washout of high-risk caries areas and reducing the uptake of dental fluoride ions. However, no reports have examined the acid resistance of enamel from the perspective of the toothpaste’s physical properties. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of toothpaste dilution on the acid resistance of the enamel, using bovine enamel as the subject. Five diluted toothpaste groups were created: a control group without toothpaste, and 100% (1.00×), 67% (1.50×), 50% (2.00×), and 25% (4.00×) dilution groups. Acid resistance was evaluated through pH cycling after toothpaste application. The results revealed a significant increase in substantial defects, compared to 67% (1.50×) at dilutions of 50% (2.00×) or higher, accompanied by a decrease in Vickers hardness. Moreover, the mineral loss increased with dilution, and a significant difference was observed between 67% (1.50×) and 50% (2.00×) (p < 0.01). This study revealed that the acid resistance of the enamel decreased when the dilution of toothpaste during brushing exceeded 67% (1.5×). Therefore, delivering toothpaste with a lower dilution to high-risk caries areas, including interproximal spaces and adjacent surfaces, could maintain a higher concentration of active ingredients in the toothpaste, thereby enhancing its medical effects.
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spelling pubmed-103833832023-07-30 Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance Satou, Ryouichi Shibata, Chikara Takayanagi, Atsushi Yamagishi, Atsushi Birkhed, Dowen Sugihara, Naoki Materials (Basel) Article Toothpaste viscosity decreases rapidly when diluted with saliva during brushing, potentially causing premature washout of high-risk caries areas and reducing the uptake of dental fluoride ions. However, no reports have examined the acid resistance of enamel from the perspective of the toothpaste’s physical properties. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of toothpaste dilution on the acid resistance of the enamel, using bovine enamel as the subject. Five diluted toothpaste groups were created: a control group without toothpaste, and 100% (1.00×), 67% (1.50×), 50% (2.00×), and 25% (4.00×) dilution groups. Acid resistance was evaluated through pH cycling after toothpaste application. The results revealed a significant increase in substantial defects, compared to 67% (1.50×) at dilutions of 50% (2.00×) or higher, accompanied by a decrease in Vickers hardness. Moreover, the mineral loss increased with dilution, and a significant difference was observed between 67% (1.50×) and 50% (2.00×) (p < 0.01). This study revealed that the acid resistance of the enamel decreased when the dilution of toothpaste during brushing exceeded 67% (1.5×). Therefore, delivering toothpaste with a lower dilution to high-risk caries areas, including interproximal spaces and adjacent surfaces, could maintain a higher concentration of active ingredients in the toothpaste, thereby enhancing its medical effects. MDPI 2023-07-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10383383/ /pubmed/37512363 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145089 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Satou, Ryouichi
Shibata, Chikara
Takayanagi, Atsushi
Yamagishi, Atsushi
Birkhed, Dowen
Sugihara, Naoki
Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance
title Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance
title_full Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance
title_fullStr Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance
title_full_unstemmed Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance
title_short Delivery of Low-Diluted Toothpaste during Brushing Improves Enamel Acid Resistance
title_sort delivery of low-diluted toothpaste during brushing improves enamel acid resistance
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10383383/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37512363
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16145089
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