Manganese Sulfate Nanocomposites Fabricated by Hot-Melt Extrusion for Chemodynamic Therapy of Colorectal Cancer

The development of metal salts-based nanocomposites is highly desired for the Fenton or Fenton-like reaction-based chemodynamic therapy of cancer. Manganese sulfate (MnSO(4))-dispersed nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated with a hot-melt extrusion (HME) system for the chemodynamic therapy of colorectal cancer in this study. MnSO(4) was homogeneously distributed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (as a hydrophilic polymer) with the aid of surfactants (Span 80 and Tween 80) by HME processing. Nano-size distribution was achieved after dispersing the pulverized extrudate of MnSO(4)-based composite in the aqueous media. The distribution of MnSO(4) in HME extrudate and the interactions between MnSO(4) and pharmaceutical additives were elucidated by Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffractometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Hydroxyl radical generation efficiency by the Fenton-like chemistry capability of Mn(2+) ion was also confirmed by catalytic assays. By using the intrinsic H(2)O(2) in cancer cells, MnSO(4) NPs provided an elevated cellular reactive oxygen species level, apoptosis induction capability, and antiproliferation efficiency. The designed HME-processed MnSO(4) formulation can be efficiently used for the chemodynamic therapy of colorectal cancer.