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Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Background: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain. Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in he...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10383458/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071161 |
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author | Hsiao, Shih-Hsin Sue, Yuh-Mou Kao, Chih-Chin Chang, Hui-Wen Lin, Yen-Chung Hung, Ching-Sheng Hsieh, Yi-Chen Hong, Shiao-Ya Chung, Chi-Li Chang, Jer-Hwa Su, Ying-Shih Liu, Ming-Che Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung Chien, Ko-Ling Wang, Jude Chu-Chun Cheng, Chung-Yi Fang, Te-Chao |
author_facet | Hsiao, Shih-Hsin Sue, Yuh-Mou Kao, Chih-Chin Chang, Hui-Wen Lin, Yen-Chung Hung, Ching-Sheng Hsieh, Yi-Chen Hong, Shiao-Ya Chung, Chi-Li Chang, Jer-Hwa Su, Ying-Shih Liu, Ming-Che Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung Chien, Ko-Ling Wang, Jude Chu-Chun Cheng, Chung-Yi Fang, Te-Chao |
author_sort | Hsiao, Shih-Hsin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain. Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients, 103 age- and sex-matched hemodialysis patients with two homologous prime-boost vaccinations were recruited to detect anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and seroconversion rates (SCRs) 14 days after a prime dose (PD14), before and 28 days after a boost dose (pre-BD0 and BD28). Results: Both mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 vaccinations elicited immunogenicity in study subjects, and the former induced higher anti-RBD IgG levels than the latter. The SCRs of both groups increased over time and varied widely from 1.82% to 97.92%, and were significantly different at PD14 and pre-BD0 regardless of different thresholds. At BD28, the SCRs of the ChAdOx1 group and the mRNA-1273 group were comparable using a threshold ≥ 7.1 BAU/mL (93.96% vs. 97.92%) and a threshold ≥ 17 BAU/mL (92.73% vs. 97.92%), respectively, but they were significantly different using a threshold ≥ 20.2% of convalescent serum anti-RBD levels (52.73% vs. 95.83%). The seroconversion (≥20.2% of convalescent level) at BD28 was associated with mRNA-1273 vaccination after being adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and the presence of solicited reactogenicity after a prime vaccination. Conclusion: Our prospective, observational cohort indicates that a full prime-boost mRNA-1273 vaccination is likely to provide higher immune protection in hemodialysis patients compared to ChAdOx1, and this population with a prime-boost ChAdOx1 vaccination should be prioritized for a third dose. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10383458 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103834582023-07-30 Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis Hsiao, Shih-Hsin Sue, Yuh-Mou Kao, Chih-Chin Chang, Hui-Wen Lin, Yen-Chung Hung, Ching-Sheng Hsieh, Yi-Chen Hong, Shiao-Ya Chung, Chi-Li Chang, Jer-Hwa Su, Ying-Shih Liu, Ming-Che Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung Chien, Ko-Ling Wang, Jude Chu-Chun Cheng, Chung-Yi Fang, Te-Chao Vaccines (Basel) Article Background: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain. Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients, 103 age- and sex-matched hemodialysis patients with two homologous prime-boost vaccinations were recruited to detect anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and seroconversion rates (SCRs) 14 days after a prime dose (PD14), before and 28 days after a boost dose (pre-BD0 and BD28). Results: Both mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 vaccinations elicited immunogenicity in study subjects, and the former induced higher anti-RBD IgG levels than the latter. The SCRs of both groups increased over time and varied widely from 1.82% to 97.92%, and were significantly different at PD14 and pre-BD0 regardless of different thresholds. At BD28, the SCRs of the ChAdOx1 group and the mRNA-1273 group were comparable using a threshold ≥ 7.1 BAU/mL (93.96% vs. 97.92%) and a threshold ≥ 17 BAU/mL (92.73% vs. 97.92%), respectively, but they were significantly different using a threshold ≥ 20.2% of convalescent serum anti-RBD levels (52.73% vs. 95.83%). The seroconversion (≥20.2% of convalescent level) at BD28 was associated with mRNA-1273 vaccination after being adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and the presence of solicited reactogenicity after a prime vaccination. Conclusion: Our prospective, observational cohort indicates that a full prime-boost mRNA-1273 vaccination is likely to provide higher immune protection in hemodialysis patients compared to ChAdOx1, and this population with a prime-boost ChAdOx1 vaccination should be prioritized for a third dose. MDPI 2023-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10383458/ /pubmed/37514977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071161 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hsiao, Shih-Hsin Sue, Yuh-Mou Kao, Chih-Chin Chang, Hui-Wen Lin, Yen-Chung Hung, Ching-Sheng Hsieh, Yi-Chen Hong, Shiao-Ya Chung, Chi-Li Chang, Jer-Hwa Su, Ying-Shih Liu, Ming-Che Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung Chien, Ko-Ling Wang, Jude Chu-Chun Cheng, Chung-Yi Fang, Te-Chao Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis |
title | Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis |
title_full | Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis |
title_fullStr | Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis |
title_short | Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis |
title_sort | comparison of humoral antibody responses and seroconversion rates between two homologous chadox1 ncov-19 and mrna-1273 vaccination in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10383458/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071161 |
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