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Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis

Background: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain. Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in he...

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Autores principales: Hsiao, Shih-Hsin, Sue, Yuh-Mou, Kao, Chih-Chin, Chang, Hui-Wen, Lin, Yen-Chung, Hung, Ching-Sheng, Hsieh, Yi-Chen, Hong, Shiao-Ya, Chung, Chi-Li, Chang, Jer-Hwa, Su, Ying-Shih, Liu, Ming-Che, Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung, Chien, Ko-Ling, Wang, Jude Chu-Chun, Cheng, Chung-Yi, Fang, Te-Chao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10383458/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514977
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071161
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author Hsiao, Shih-Hsin
Sue, Yuh-Mou
Kao, Chih-Chin
Chang, Hui-Wen
Lin, Yen-Chung
Hung, Ching-Sheng
Hsieh, Yi-Chen
Hong, Shiao-Ya
Chung, Chi-Li
Chang, Jer-Hwa
Su, Ying-Shih
Liu, Ming-Che
Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung
Chien, Ko-Ling
Wang, Jude Chu-Chun
Cheng, Chung-Yi
Fang, Te-Chao
author_facet Hsiao, Shih-Hsin
Sue, Yuh-Mou
Kao, Chih-Chin
Chang, Hui-Wen
Lin, Yen-Chung
Hung, Ching-Sheng
Hsieh, Yi-Chen
Hong, Shiao-Ya
Chung, Chi-Li
Chang, Jer-Hwa
Su, Ying-Shih
Liu, Ming-Che
Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung
Chien, Ko-Ling
Wang, Jude Chu-Chun
Cheng, Chung-Yi
Fang, Te-Chao
author_sort Hsiao, Shih-Hsin
collection PubMed
description Background: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain. Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients, 103 age- and sex-matched hemodialysis patients with two homologous prime-boost vaccinations were recruited to detect anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and seroconversion rates (SCRs) 14 days after a prime dose (PD14), before and 28 days after a boost dose (pre-BD0 and BD28). Results: Both mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 vaccinations elicited immunogenicity in study subjects, and the former induced higher anti-RBD IgG levels than the latter. The SCRs of both groups increased over time and varied widely from 1.82% to 97.92%, and were significantly different at PD14 and pre-BD0 regardless of different thresholds. At BD28, the SCRs of the ChAdOx1 group and the mRNA-1273 group were comparable using a threshold ≥ 7.1 BAU/mL (93.96% vs. 97.92%) and a threshold ≥ 17 BAU/mL (92.73% vs. 97.92%), respectively, but they were significantly different using a threshold ≥ 20.2% of convalescent serum anti-RBD levels (52.73% vs. 95.83%). The seroconversion (≥20.2% of convalescent level) at BD28 was associated with mRNA-1273 vaccination after being adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and the presence of solicited reactogenicity after a prime vaccination. Conclusion: Our prospective, observational cohort indicates that a full prime-boost mRNA-1273 vaccination is likely to provide higher immune protection in hemodialysis patients compared to ChAdOx1, and this population with a prime-boost ChAdOx1 vaccination should be prioritized for a third dose.
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spelling pubmed-103834582023-07-30 Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis Hsiao, Shih-Hsin Sue, Yuh-Mou Kao, Chih-Chin Chang, Hui-Wen Lin, Yen-Chung Hung, Ching-Sheng Hsieh, Yi-Chen Hong, Shiao-Ya Chung, Chi-Li Chang, Jer-Hwa Su, Ying-Shih Liu, Ming-Che Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung Chien, Ko-Ling Wang, Jude Chu-Chun Cheng, Chung-Yi Fang, Te-Chao Vaccines (Basel) Article Background: Hemodialysis patients are at an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and are excluded from preauthorization COVID-19 vaccine trials; therefore, their immunogenicity is uncertain. Methods: To compare the antibody responses to homologous ChAdOx1 and mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients, 103 age- and sex-matched hemodialysis patients with two homologous prime-boost vaccinations were recruited to detect anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and seroconversion rates (SCRs) 14 days after a prime dose (PD14), before and 28 days after a boost dose (pre-BD0 and BD28). Results: Both mRNA-1273 and ChAdOx1 vaccinations elicited immunogenicity in study subjects, and the former induced higher anti-RBD IgG levels than the latter. The SCRs of both groups increased over time and varied widely from 1.82% to 97.92%, and were significantly different at PD14 and pre-BD0 regardless of different thresholds. At BD28, the SCRs of the ChAdOx1 group and the mRNA-1273 group were comparable using a threshold ≥ 7.1 BAU/mL (93.96% vs. 97.92%) and a threshold ≥ 17 BAU/mL (92.73% vs. 97.92%), respectively, but they were significantly different using a threshold ≥ 20.2% of convalescent serum anti-RBD levels (52.73% vs. 95.83%). The seroconversion (≥20.2% of convalescent level) at BD28 was associated with mRNA-1273 vaccination after being adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and the presence of solicited reactogenicity after a prime vaccination. Conclusion: Our prospective, observational cohort indicates that a full prime-boost mRNA-1273 vaccination is likely to provide higher immune protection in hemodialysis patients compared to ChAdOx1, and this population with a prime-boost ChAdOx1 vaccination should be prioritized for a third dose. MDPI 2023-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10383458/ /pubmed/37514977 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071161 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hsiao, Shih-Hsin
Sue, Yuh-Mou
Kao, Chih-Chin
Chang, Hui-Wen
Lin, Yen-Chung
Hung, Ching-Sheng
Hsieh, Yi-Chen
Hong, Shiao-Ya
Chung, Chi-Li
Chang, Jer-Hwa
Su, Ying-Shih
Liu, Ming-Che
Lai, Kevin Shu-Leung
Chien, Ko-Ling
Wang, Jude Chu-Chun
Cheng, Chung-Yi
Fang, Te-Chao
Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
title Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
title_full Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
title_fullStr Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
title_short Comparison of Humoral Antibody Responses and Seroconversion Rates between Two Homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA-1273 Vaccination in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
title_sort comparison of humoral antibody responses and seroconversion rates between two homologous chadox1 ncov-19 and mrna-1273 vaccination in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10383458/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514977
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071161
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