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Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability
Trisilanolphenyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane titanium (Ti-Ph-POSS) was synthesized through the corner-capping reaction, and Ti-Ph-POSS was dispersed in benzoxazine (BZ) to prepare Ti-Ph-POSS/PBZ composite materials. Ti-Ph-POSS could catalyze the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of BZ and r...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384060/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37513322 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145450 |
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author | Sun, Xiaoyi Fu, Qixuan Dai, Pei Zhang, Caili Xu, Riwei |
author_facet | Sun, Xiaoyi Fu, Qixuan Dai, Pei Zhang, Caili Xu, Riwei |
author_sort | Sun, Xiaoyi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Trisilanolphenyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane titanium (Ti-Ph-POSS) was synthesized through the corner-capping reaction, and Ti-Ph-POSS was dispersed in benzoxazine (BZ) to prepare Ti-Ph-POSS/PBZ composite materials. Ti-Ph-POSS could catalyze the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of BZ and reduce the curing temperature of benzoxazine. In addition, Ti immobilized on the Ti-Ph-POSS cage could form covalent bonds with the N or O atoms on polybenzoxazine, improving the thermal stability of PBZ. The catalytic activity of the Ti-Ph-POSS/BZ mixtures was assessed and identified through (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to determine the thermal properties of the composite. It was found that PBZ exhibited a higher glass transition temperature (T(g)) and better thermal stability when Ti-Ph-POSS was added. The curing behavior of the Ti-Ph-POSS/BZ mixtures showed that the initial (T(i)) and peak (T(p)) curing temperatures sharply decreased as the content of Ti-Ph-POSS and the heating rate increased. The curing kinetics of these Ti-Ph-POSS/BZ systems were analyzed using the Kissinger method, and the morphology of Ti-Ph-POSS/PBZ was determined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the Ti-Ph-POSS particles were well distributed in the composites. When the content exceeded 2 wt%, several Ti-Ph-POSS particles could not react with benzoxazine and were only dispersed within the PBZ matrix, resulting in aggregation of the Ti-Ph-POSS molecules. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10384060 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-103840602023-07-30 Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability Sun, Xiaoyi Fu, Qixuan Dai, Pei Zhang, Caili Xu, Riwei Molecules Article Trisilanolphenyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane titanium (Ti-Ph-POSS) was synthesized through the corner-capping reaction, and Ti-Ph-POSS was dispersed in benzoxazine (BZ) to prepare Ti-Ph-POSS/PBZ composite materials. Ti-Ph-POSS could catalyze the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of BZ and reduce the curing temperature of benzoxazine. In addition, Ti immobilized on the Ti-Ph-POSS cage could form covalent bonds with the N or O atoms on polybenzoxazine, improving the thermal stability of PBZ. The catalytic activity of the Ti-Ph-POSS/BZ mixtures was assessed and identified through (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H-NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analyses, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used to determine the thermal properties of the composite. It was found that PBZ exhibited a higher glass transition temperature (T(g)) and better thermal stability when Ti-Ph-POSS was added. The curing behavior of the Ti-Ph-POSS/BZ mixtures showed that the initial (T(i)) and peak (T(p)) curing temperatures sharply decreased as the content of Ti-Ph-POSS and the heating rate increased. The curing kinetics of these Ti-Ph-POSS/BZ systems were analyzed using the Kissinger method, and the morphology of Ti-Ph-POSS/PBZ was determined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the Ti-Ph-POSS particles were well distributed in the composites. When the content exceeded 2 wt%, several Ti-Ph-POSS particles could not react with benzoxazine and were only dispersed within the PBZ matrix, resulting in aggregation of the Ti-Ph-POSS molecules. MDPI 2023-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10384060/ /pubmed/37513322 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145450 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sun, Xiaoyi Fu, Qixuan Dai, Pei Zhang, Caili Xu, Riwei Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability |
title | Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability |
title_full | Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability |
title_fullStr | Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability |
title_full_unstemmed | Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability |
title_short | Catalyzing Benzoxazine Polymerization with Titanium-Containing POSS to Reduce the Curing Temperature and Improve Thermal Stability |
title_sort | catalyzing benzoxazine polymerization with titanium-containing poss to reduce the curing temperature and improve thermal stability |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384060/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37513322 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145450 |
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