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Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract

In the modern world we are constantly bombarded by environmental and natural stimuli that can result in oxidative stress. Antioxidant molecules and enzymes help the human body scavenge reactive oxygen species and prevent oxidative damage. Most organisms possess intrinsic antioxidant activity, but al...

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Autores principales: Simon, Annie, Mazhar, Shahneela, Khokhlova, Ekaterina, Leeuwendaal, Natasha, Phipps, Christopher, Deaton, John, Rea, Kieran, Colom, Joan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384499/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142678
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author Simon, Annie
Mazhar, Shahneela
Khokhlova, Ekaterina
Leeuwendaal, Natasha
Phipps, Christopher
Deaton, John
Rea, Kieran
Colom, Joan
author_facet Simon, Annie
Mazhar, Shahneela
Khokhlova, Ekaterina
Leeuwendaal, Natasha
Phipps, Christopher
Deaton, John
Rea, Kieran
Colom, Joan
author_sort Simon, Annie
collection PubMed
description In the modern world we are constantly bombarded by environmental and natural stimuli that can result in oxidative stress. Antioxidant molecules and enzymes help the human body scavenge reactive oxygen species and prevent oxidative damage. Most organisms possess intrinsic antioxidant activity, but also benefit from the consumption of antioxidants from their diet. Leafy green vegetables such as spinach are a well-researched rich source of dietary antioxidant molecules. However, plant cell walls are difficult to digest for many individuals and the bio-accessibility of nutrients and antioxidants from these sources can be limited by the degree of digestion and assimilation. Through a specific enzymatic process, Solarplast(®) contains organic spinach protoplasts without the cell wall, which may facilitate higher yield and efficacy of beneficial antioxidant molecules. In this study, analytical techniques coupled to in vitro bioassays were used to determine the potential antioxidant activity of Solarplast(®) and determine its antioxidant enzymatic capabilities. Solarplast(®) demonstrated superior antioxidant activity when compared to frozen spinach leaves in TOC, FRAP and TEAC antioxidant assays. Several antioxidant enzymes were also increased in Solarplast(®), when compared to frozen spinach. As a functional readout, Solarplast(®) attenuated hydrogen peroxide-, ethanol- and acetaminophen-induced increases in oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in both intestinal (HT-29) and liver (HepG2) cell lines. These findings suggest that Solarplast(®) may represent a non-GMO, plant-based food supplement to help reduce oxidative stress in the human body.
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spelling pubmed-103844992023-07-30 Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract Simon, Annie Mazhar, Shahneela Khokhlova, Ekaterina Leeuwendaal, Natasha Phipps, Christopher Deaton, John Rea, Kieran Colom, Joan Plants (Basel) Article In the modern world we are constantly bombarded by environmental and natural stimuli that can result in oxidative stress. Antioxidant molecules and enzymes help the human body scavenge reactive oxygen species and prevent oxidative damage. Most organisms possess intrinsic antioxidant activity, but also benefit from the consumption of antioxidants from their diet. Leafy green vegetables such as spinach are a well-researched rich source of dietary antioxidant molecules. However, plant cell walls are difficult to digest for many individuals and the bio-accessibility of nutrients and antioxidants from these sources can be limited by the degree of digestion and assimilation. Through a specific enzymatic process, Solarplast(®) contains organic spinach protoplasts without the cell wall, which may facilitate higher yield and efficacy of beneficial antioxidant molecules. In this study, analytical techniques coupled to in vitro bioassays were used to determine the potential antioxidant activity of Solarplast(®) and determine its antioxidant enzymatic capabilities. Solarplast(®) demonstrated superior antioxidant activity when compared to frozen spinach leaves in TOC, FRAP and TEAC antioxidant assays. Several antioxidant enzymes were also increased in Solarplast(®), when compared to frozen spinach. As a functional readout, Solarplast(®) attenuated hydrogen peroxide-, ethanol- and acetaminophen-induced increases in oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in both intestinal (HT-29) and liver (HepG2) cell lines. These findings suggest that Solarplast(®) may represent a non-GMO, plant-based food supplement to help reduce oxidative stress in the human body. MDPI 2023-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10384499/ /pubmed/37514292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142678 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Simon, Annie
Mazhar, Shahneela
Khokhlova, Ekaterina
Leeuwendaal, Natasha
Phipps, Christopher
Deaton, John
Rea, Kieran
Colom, Joan
Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract
title Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract
title_full Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract
title_fullStr Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract
title_full_unstemmed Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract
title_short Solarplast(®)—An Enzymatically Treated Spinach Extract
title_sort solarplast(®)—an enzymatically treated spinach extract
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384499/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37514292
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142678
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